张爱玲与戏剧——女性凝视与距离诗学

Eileen Chang and Drama:The Female Gaze and the Poetics of Distance

张爱玲与戏剧的渊源甚深,这一点却鲜少受到关注。她受萧伯纳和奥尼尔剧本的影响,以“一切人类制度”的立场和“神性”即“妇人性”的观念为信仰。张爱玲理解京剧,总是在中外不同身份的人物间变换距离,又将“妇人性”视为中国文化永葆青春活力的秘密。她的作品《小团圆》站在女性立场上,在叙事者与“我”、与观众、与戏台上人物之间设置“距离”,呈现出戏剧性的特点。从女性凝视和距离诗学的角度重新审视张爱玲的作品,也为张学提供了一个新的研究视角。

It has been largely ignored that Eileen Chang had a rich relationship with drama.Influenced by the plays of George Bernard Shaw and Eugene O'Neill,she believed in the position of“all human systems”and the concept of“divinity”or“womanhood”.Eileen Chang borrowed techniques from Peking Opera,and always shifted her lens while depicting Chinese and foreign people with different identities,and she regarded“womanhood”as the secret of Chinese culture's eternal youth and vitality.Based on women's perspectives,her Little Reunions distances the narrator from“I”and the audience from the characters on the stage,and is endowed with dramatic characteristics.Re-examining Eileen Chang's works from the perspective of the female gaze and the poetics of distance can provide a new perspective for research on Chang.