论古代曲学与兵学之关联

On the Relationship between Ancient Theatre Studies and Military Science

古代曲学话语不仅通过取象军事人才、兵略计谋、兵器,形成象喻体系,而且通过移植兵学相关概念,如“气”“势”等构筑言说空间。“气”论主要用于称誉元杂剧创作独特的精神状态,而“势”论则更多用以揭示《西厢记》等经典作品的叙事笔法,并生发出具有层次性和理论深度的新概念。此外,批评家对传奇创作“奇正”“虚实”关系的认知与兵学辩证思想在逻辑上存在共通。曲学中的兵家语主要集中在明末清初曲论中,曲学与兵学的关联折射出中国古代文人文武一体的价值观。

The discourse of ancient theatre studies not only forms a figurative system borrowing images of military talents,strategies and weapons,but also transplants relevant concepts of military science,such as“Qì”and“Shì”.The theory of“Qì”is mainly used to praise the unique state of mind reflected in the Yuan-dynasty Zaju creation,while the theory of“Shì”is often used to reveal the narrative of classical plays such as Romance of the Western Chamber,giving rise to new concepts with hierarchical and theoretical depth.Moreover,theatre critics'recognition of the relationship between“QíZhèng”(“the extraordinary and the ordinary”),and between“the fictional and the real”in playwriting,is logically related to the dialectical thinking of military science.The use of military language in theatre studies is most common in the theatre theories of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.The relationship between theatre studies and military science reflects the ancient Chinese literati's values of integrating the pen and the sword.