陕西旬邑西头遗址南头村地点西周灰坑(H154)发掘简报

Excavation of the Western Zhou Ash Pit(H154)at the Nantou Village Location of Xitou Site in Xunyi,Shaanxi

一概况,西头遗址位于陕西省旬邑县张洪镇原底社区西侧约1公里的西头村。遗址地处张洪塬西侧边缘地带,西、北两侧为百子沟及小型冲沟,东、南侧为张洪塬,西南侧距泾河约5公里(图一),海拔约1100米。第二、三次全国文物普查时,该遗址曾被称为“上西头”遗址。2016~2017年,西北大学文化遗产学院、陕西省考古研究院等对该遗址进行了考古调查和局部勘探,初步判定为一处包含新石器时代、商周时期遗存的重要遗址,面积约100万平方米,定名为“西头遗址”。

The Xitou Site is located in Xitou Village,Zhanghong Town,Xunyi County,Shaanxi Province,with an area of approximately 1 million sq.m.,making it the area's largest site of the Pre-Qin period.From April to August 2018,the School of Cultural Heritage of Northwestern University,Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology,and others conducted the first excavation at the Nantou Village Location and discovered the remains belonging to Neolithic,Shang and Zhou,and Han and Tang periods.The remains of the Shang and Zhou dynasties being the most plentiful,the Ash Pit H154 of the late middle period of Western Zhou is one of them.H154 has a particular shape and regular structure,unearthed with abundant pottery,stone tools,bone,horn,clam,tooth objects,and some bronzes.Based on the structure,H154 was probably used for storing not only grains but also meats,vegetables,and other food that require preservation or antifreeze.The excavation provides crucial information for further study on the social and economic life in the central region of Shaanxi during the Western Zhou Dynasty.