提升治理效能:高校分类管理顶层设计的核心问题

Improving Governance Effectiveness:The Core Issue of Top-level Design of Classified Management of Colleges and Universities

制度优势通过治理效能得以实现,将高校分类管理制度优势转化为高等教育治理效能是高校分类管理顶层设计的核心问题。基于高校分类管理政策研究专家、中央和地方教育行政管理者、本科高校和高职院校管理者的视角,运用访谈法了解利益相关者对高校分类管理制度设计的认知及其与我国高校分类管理制度执行的偏差,发现制约当前我国高等教育治理效能的因素包括制度供求失衡、共同价值目标缺失,制度衔接不畅、多元主体协作不足,制度权责分配模糊、多元主体参与权淡化。建议从“良法”“、善治”和“利器”三个方面提升高等教育治理效能,实现以公平为基础的高校分类管理制度供给、以合法性为原则的高校分类管理治理机制、以有效性为标准的高校分类管理评价体系。

The institutional advantage is realized through the governance efficiency,and it is the core issue of the top-level design of the classified management of colleges and universities to transform the institutional advantage of classified management of colleges and universities into the governance efficiency of higher education.Based on the perspective of policy experts,education administrators of central and local governments,universities and colleges,the study analyses the cognition of stakeholders on classification management institution and the actual deviation of institution execution by interview method.Factors such as unbalanced institution supply and demand,lack of common value goal;unsmooth policy connection,lack of multi-subject cooperation;and vague distribution of rights and responsibilities,weakening of multi-subject participation right restrict the governance efficiency of higher education.It is suggested to improve the governance efficiency by forming the design of the classified management system of colleges and universities,from the aspects of"good law""good governance"and"sharp tools",to form the governance system of the classified management institution of colleges and universities on the basis of fairness,the governance mechanism of the classified management of colleges and universities on the principle of legality,and the evaluation system of the classified management of colleges and universities on the standard of effectiveness.