《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中异化劳动理论的双重逻辑

The Dual Logic of Alienated Labor Theory in The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844

异化劳动理论是马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的核心思想。异化劳动理论包含着两条逻辑,其一是着眼于私有制条件下社会的主要矛盾与人的生存困境,寻找异化劳动得以发生的现实根源,致力于扬弃异化的事实逻辑;其二是立足于人的生命活动的超越性,根据对社会现实的辩证否定来构建合理的价值指向,思考人与社会未来发展的价值逻辑。事实逻辑和价值逻辑在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中所阐述的“共产主义”这一历史结论中实现了辩证统一。以这两条主线的辩证统一去分析马克思的异化劳动理论,可以将理论中的许多异质性因子联系起来,从而为我们理解马克思思想的发展提供一个新的视角。

Alienated labor theory is the core thought of Marx's Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts in 1844.The theory of alienated labor contains two logics.The first is the factual logic,which focuses on the main contradiction of the society and the survival dilemma of people under the condition of private ownership,seeks the realistic source of the occurrence of alienated labor,and is committed to sublating alienation.The second is value logic,which is based on the transcendence of human life activities,constructs a reasonable value direction according to the dialectical negation of social reality,and considers the value logic of the future development of human and society.The factual logic and value logic have achieved dialectical unity in the historical conclusion of"communism"expounded in the manuscript.The dialectical unity of these two main lines to analyze Marx's alienated labor theory can connect many heterogeneous factors in the theory,so as to provide a new perspective for us to understand the development of Marx's thought.