从“非此即彼”到“亦此亦彼”——论文学阐释的一个当代转向

From“Either…Or”to“Both…And”:A Contemporary Turn in Literary Interpretation

阐释是人文学术中的一个核心议题。在当代,文学阐释出现了从“非此即彼”到“亦此亦彼”的深刻转向。长期以来,面对客观主义和相对主义的纠葛,研究者习惯于采取“非此即彼”的做法,将其中一方奉若圭臬而无视另一方的存在。晚近,研究者越来越多地表现出“亦此亦彼”的态度,试图探寻客观主义和相对主义的交叠互涉之处,从而在同一与差异、过去与未来、明晰与含混、恢复与怀疑、结构与事件等貌似难以调和的二元对立之间取得平衡。“亦此亦彼”的阐释之道为我们重审当代文论话语提供了契机,同时也在一定程度上有助于中西方阐释思想的良性对话和创造转换。

Interpretation is a core issue in the humanities.In contemporary times,there has been a significant turn in literary interpretation from“either…or”to“both…and”.For a long time,faced with the conflict between objectivism and relativism,researchers are used to adopting the approach of“either…or”,regarding one side as the only standard and ignoring the existence of the other.In recent years,researchers have increasingly shown an attitude of“both…and”,trying to find the intersection between objectivism and relativism,so as to strike a balance between identity and difference,past and future,clarity and ambiguity,recollection and suspicion,structure and event and other seemingly irreconcilable binary oppositions.As a way of interpretation,“both…and”provides an opportunity for us to re-examine contemporary literary theories,and also contributes to the positive dialogue and creative transformation of Chinese and Western interpretive thoughts.