2019年—2022年宁夏艾滋病确证中心实验室检测结果分析

Analysis of laboratory test results in Ningxia AIDS Confirmation Center from 2019 to 2022

目的分析宁夏省级艾滋病确证中心实验室2019年—2022年HIV复检与确证试验数据,为本地区艾滋病防控策略提供依据。方法按照《全国艾滋病检测技术规范》(2015年修订版)对宁夏地区的送检标本进行复检与确证实验,采用四代酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)复检阳性后,再通过蛋白免疫印迹实验(WB)进行确证。结果2019年—2022年本实验室共接收1691份复检样本,HIV确证阳性病例共742例,不确定77例,阴性872例,占比分别为43.88%、4.55%、51.57%。HIV阳性病例中以男性为主,年龄集中分布在18岁~40岁,HIV阳性标本以医疗机构送检为主,占比76.28%;复检阴性结果中,采供血机构最高(85.0%),医疗机构(44.6%)次之,疾病预防控制机构(23.6%)最低;确证阳性中,疾病预防控制机构最高69.35%;医疗机构(51.55%)次之,采供血机构确证阳性率(9.64%)最低。结论青壮年人群仍是本地区艾滋病防控的重点人群;应引入其他补充方法对不确定检测结果进一步的明确诊断,为早发现提供技术保障。

Objective The data of HIV retest and confirmation test in laboratory of Ningxia AIDS Confirmation Center from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed,so as to provide basis for AIDS prevention and control.Methods According to the National Guideline for Detection of AIDS in China(2015 revised version),the samples are retested and confirmed.After being retested positive by fourth-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),the samples are confirmed by Western blot test.Results A total of 1691 specimens were collected from 2017 to 2020,of which 742(43.88%)are confirmed to be HIV positive,77(4.55%)are uncertain and 872(51.57%)are negative.Most of the HIV positive cases are male,and the age is mainly between 18 and 40 years old.Most HIV-positive specimens are submitted for examination by medical institutions,accounting for 76.28%.Among the negative results of the re-examination,blood collection and supply institutions are the highest(85.0%),followed by medical institutions(44.6%),and disease control institutions(23.6%)are the lowest.Among the confirmed positive results,the confirmed positive rate of disease control institutions is 69.35%,followed by medical institutions(51.55%),and blood collection and supply institutions(9.64%)is the lowest.Conclusion Young adults is still the focus group for AIDS prevention and control in this area.Other supplementary methods should be introduced to further clarify the diagnosis of uncertain test results,so as to provide technical support for early detection.