2018年—2022年余姚市孕妇及学龄儿童尿碘监测结果分析

Analysis of urine iodine monitoring results in pregnant women and school-age children in Yuyao City from 2018 to 2022

目的为通过分析余姚市2018年-2022年孕妇及学龄儿童尿碘含量,评估余姚市孕妇及学龄儿童的碘营养水平,为指导科学补碘及防治碘缺乏病提供依据。方法依照《浙江省碘缺乏病防治专项行动实施方案》,每年采集105份孕妇及210份学龄儿童尿样,尿碘检测依据《尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法》(WS/T107.1-2016)。结果2018年-2022年余姚市孕妇尿碘中位数分别为115.8μg/L、126.6μg/L、135.2μg/L、127.9μg/L、114.4μg/L,5年间孕妇尿碘中位数均低于150μg/L,不同年份孕妇尿碘差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学龄儿童尿碘中位数分别为166.1μg/L、183.0μg/L、176.7μg/L、193.3μg/L、215.6μg/L,不同年份学龄儿童尿碘差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),5年间总计学龄儿童50μg/L以下的比率为2.0%,100μg/L以下的比率为13.0%。结论余姚市学龄儿童尿碘满足碘缺乏病消除标准,说明碘摄入充足;孕妇尿碘水平不满足国家孕妇尿碘评价标准,说明碘摄入量明显不足,需要进一步加强孕妇防治碘缺乏病宣传,加强监测并给予补充。

Objective This study aims to evaluate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women and school-age children in Yuyao City from 2018 to 2022 by analyzing their urinary iodine levels,so as to provide evidence for guiding scientific iodine supplementation and prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods According to the Zhejiang Province Special Action Plan for Prevention and Control of lodine Deficiency Disorders,105 urine samples from pregnant women and 210 urine samples from school-age children were collected annually.Urinary iodine was detected according to Arsenic Cerium Catalytic Spectro-photometry Method for Determination of Urinary lodine(WS/T 107.1-2016).Results The median urinary iodine levels of pregnant women in Yuyao City from 2018 to 2022 were 115.8μg/L,126.6μg/L,135.2μg/L,127.9μg/L,and 114.4μg/L,respectively.The median urinary iodine levels of pregnant women were all below 150μg/L during the five years,and the differences among different years were statistically significant(P<0.05).The median urinary iodine levels of school-age children were 166.1μg/L,183.0μg/L,176.7μg/L,193.3μg/L,and 215.6μg/L,respectively.The differences in urinary iodine levels among different years of school-age children were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The proportion of school-age children with urinary iodine levels below 50μg/L was 2.0%,and the proportion below 100μg/L was 13.0%during the five-year period.Conclusion The urinary iodine levels of school-age children in Yuyao City meet the elimination criteria for iodine deficiency disorders,indicating sufficient iodine intake.However,the urinary iodine levels of pregnant women do not meet the national evaluation criteria,indicating inadequate quantity of iodine intake.Further efforts are needed to strengthen the promotion of iodine deficiency disorder prevention among pregnant women,enhance monitoring,and provide sup-plementation.