率先发现中国人血型的挑战

The challenge of finding Chinese blood groups

至今已经在全球范围检测出数百种人类血型,但是没有1个是在中国人群中发现的。中国是1个多民族国家,具有丰富的遗传多态性和遗传变异。中国人泛基因组参考图谱揭示,中国人携带一些与世界上其他族群不同的遗传变异,特别是发现大约500万个碱基对新序列,被视为中国人群基因组核心序列。红细胞膜蛋白质组学研究表明,红细胞携带2 600多种红细胞膜蛋白,目前只在37种蛋白质分子上检测出血型抗原。以上数据提示,不排除在中国人群中存在新血型的可能性。本文描述了血型的发现历史,以及中国学者面对的挑战。

Up to now,hundreds of human blood groups have been detected globally,but none have been found in the Chinese population.China is a multi-ethnic country with rich genetic polymorphism and variation.The Chinese pangenome reference reveals that the Chinese carry some genetic variations that are different from other ethnic groups in the world,especially the discovery of approximately 5 million new base pair sequences,which are considered the core genome sequences of the Chinese population.Research on red blood cell membrane proteomics has shown that red blood cells carry over 2600 kinds of erythrocyte membrane proteins,and currently only 37 protein molecules have detected blood group antigens.The above data suggest that the possibility of new blood group in the Chinese population cannot be ruled out.This comment describes the history of the discovery of blood groups and the challenges faced by Chinese scholars.