低体重女性单采献血者献血不良反应的应对措施——针对MCS^(+)血细胞分离机UPP程序

Countermeasures of adverse reactions to blood donation in low-weight blood donors for the MCS^(+) blood cell separator UPP procedure

目的 降低低体重高血小板计数的女性献血者血小板采集过程中,献血不良反应的发生,提高献血者在血小板采集过程中的舒适度,增加重复献血者比例。方法 采取对照组(n=32)、观察组(n=18)对比方法,利用Mcs^(+)中的血液采集过程程序软件,寻找采集循环中可能引起献血不良反应的诱因,通过增加10%葡萄糖酸钙的口服次数,增加采集循环数,降低最后1个循环的峰值血浆量等改善措施,对比观察献血反应发生率是否减少。结果 每一循环的峰值血浆量能够体现影响诱因,两组人群对比后发现,观察组的献血者献血不良反应发生率为16.7%(3/18),对照组献血不良反应发生率为81.2%(26/32);观察组再次献血人数比例为77.7%(14/18),对照组的再次献血人数比例为31.2%(10/32),提高献血者献血满意度,可有效提高再次献血者比例。结论 低体重,高血小板计数的女性单采血小板献血者,应在采集过程中被给予更多的关怀,增加10%葡萄糖酸钙的口服次数,工作人员应主动增加一个采集循环,降低每个循环内献血者峰值血浆量的收集,并在有条件的情况下补充上盐水,可有效降低献血者献血反应的发生,提高献血者献血满意度,增加再次献血人群的比例。

Objective To reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions to blood donation during platelet collection in female blood donors with low body weight and high platelet count,so as to improve the comfortableness during platelet collection and increase the proportion of repeated blood donors.Methods The control group and observation group were compared to explore the causes that may cause adverse reactions in the blood collection cycle using blood collection process program software in MCS^(+),and the incidence of blood donation reaction was compared and observed by increasing the times of oral administrations of calcium gluconate by 10%,increasing the number of collection cycles and reducing the peak plasma volume of the last cycle.Results After comparing the two groups,it was found that the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group was 16.7%(3/18)and 81.2%(26/32),the proportion of repeated donors in the observation group and the control group was 77.7%(14/18)and 31.2%(10/32).Conclusion Female platelet donors with low body weight and high platelet count should be given more care during the collection process.It is suggested that giving more times of oral administrations of calcium gluconate by 10%and one more collection cycle to reduce the collection peak in each cycle,as well as the supplement of saline,which can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions to blood donation,thus improving blood donation satisfaction and increasing the proportion of repeated blood donors.