亲子依恋和祖孙依恋的一致与不一致和儿童主观幸福感的关系

Congruence and Incongruence of Mother-child Attachment and Grandmother-child Attachment: Links with Children’s Subjective Well-being

为检验亲隔代协同教养家庭中亲子依恋和祖孙依恋质量的一致与不一致对儿童主观幸福感(包括生活满意度、积极情感和消极情感)的影响,本研究采用亲子依恋和祖孙依恋问卷、主观幸福感量表对178个亲隔代协同教养家庭的儿童进行调查,响应面分析发现:(1)拥有一致高质量亲子依恋和祖孙依恋关系的儿童主观幸福感水平更高;(2)亲子依恋与祖孙依恋质量不一致时,亲子依恋质量高于祖孙依恋质量的儿童生活满意度更高,且高质量亲子依恋或祖孙依恋均能提升儿童积极情感。本研究加深了多重依恋对儿童发展的理解,也提示在亲隔代协同教养家庭中可以从依恋入手促进儿童心理健康的发展。

The present study aimed to explore the relationship between congruence and incongruence of mother-child attachment and grandmother-child attachment qualities and children's subjective well-being(life satisfaction,positive affect,and negative affect).A total of 226 elementary students(178 completed)from grandmother involved co-parenting families participated in this study and completed Positive and Negative Affect Schedule,Students'Life Satisfaction Scale and Inventory of Parent and Grandparent Attachment.Using Response Surface Analysis,our study found that:(1)Congruence in attachment predicted children's subjective well-being.Specifically,congruent lower level of parent-child and grandparent-child attachment quality were associated with child's higher level of subjective well-being;(2)When the average quality of mother-child and grandmother-child attachment was controlled for,no significant differences in negative affect were found between congruent and incongruent attachment qualities,while incongruence defined by higher mother-child attachment quality versus grandmother-child attachment quality was associated with a higher level of child's life satisfaction.Besides,mother-child attachment quality and grandmother-child attachment quality were both positively related to child's positive affect.This study deepened the understanding of children's multiple attachment and stressed the importance of attachment in grandmother co-parenting families.