农业强国建设目标下的中国农业机械化发展战略与路径

The Development Strategy and Path of China’s Agricultural Mechanization under the Goal of Building a Strong Agricultural country

农业机械化、智能化发展是全面推进乡村振兴、加快农业农村现代化、保障国家粮食安全的物质技术基础和重要支撑,也是推动农业强国建设的重要内容。本文系统回顾了新中国成立以来农业机械化发展的历程,总结了历史性的成就和发展经验,分析了新时代新征程农业机械化发展面临的新形势和新挑战,并从补足农机装备短板、解决部分关键零部件“卡脖子”问题、强化农机社会化服务体系建设、农艺与农地相结合、打造农业领域的大国重器、提升农业综合生产能力、保障粮食和重要农产品安全供给,以及增强国际竞争力等方面提出了农业机械化的发展路径和政策建议。

Vigorously promoting the development of agricultural mechanization and intelligence is the material and technological foundation and important support for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization,accelerating agricultural and rural modernization,and ensuring national food security.It is also an important part of promoting the construction of an agricultural powerhouse.This article systematically reviews the development process of agricultural machinery and equipment since the establishment of the People's Republic of China,summarizes historical achievements and development experiences,analyzes the new situation and challenges faced by the development of agricultural mechanization in the new era and new journey,and from supplementing the shortcomings of agricultural machinery and equipment,solving the “bottleneck” problem of some key components,strengthening the integration of agricultural machinery,agronomy and farmland,creating a major agricultural tool,and enhancing the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture.The development path and policy recommendations for agricultural mechanization have been proposed in terms of ensuring the safe supply of food and important agricultural products and enhancing international competitiveness.