农村股份合作制改革对集体经济影响研究——基于集体行动视角

Research on the Impact of Rural Joint-stock Cooperative System Reform on the Collective Economy:from the Perspective of Collective Action

自2015年开始,我国农村先后进行五批股改试点,致力于解决长期以来农村集体产权模糊的问题,推动集体经济发展。但当前集体经济外部依赖性强,整体水平不高。本文在已有研究基础上,通过理论机制阐述和案例分析对股改效果进行评估。研究发现,股改能够推动集体经济发展,并实现分红和增进农民社会福利;股改通过提高农民集体认同,形成农民集体行动,改变资源配置,推动集体经济发展;股改对集体经济影响具有时滞性。最后提出加快集成改革,有序破除农村要素自由流动的体制机制障碍,积极发挥地方财政职能支持农村建设,激活农村土地资源,提高土地使用效率,充分尊重农民意愿,守住各类底线红线,探索适合的发展模式与路径,进行市场化经营等政策建议。

Since 2015,China has carried out five batches of rural joint-stock cooperative system reform(JCSR)pilots in rural areas,committed to solving the long-term problem of vague rural collective property rights and building a modern rural property rights system.Based on the existing research,this paper evaluates the effects of JCSR through theoretical mechanism and case analysis.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:first,JCSR can promote the development of collective economy,realize the dividend of farmers and improve the social welfare of farmers;Second,the reform promotes the development of collective economy by improving the collective identity of farmers,forming the collective action of farmers,changing the allocation of resources;Third,the impact of the reform on the collective economy lags behind.It also puts forward policy suggestions such as speeding up integrated reform,orderly breaking the obstacles of the system mechanism of the free flow of rural factors,actively exerting local financial functions to support rural construction,activating rural land resources,improving land use efficiency,fully respecting the wishes of farmers,keeping various bottom lines and red lines,exploring suitable development models and paths,and carrying out market-oriented management.