水力脉冲强化压裂工具设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Hydraulic Pulse Enhanced Fracturing Tools

随着石油勘探开发力度不断加大,低渗透、超低渗透等非常规油气资源逐渐成为各国油气田的增产主体。超低渗地层使用常规水力压裂技术就会存在造缝程度低、泵注量大、能量利用率低等问题。针对上述问题提出了利用水力脉冲强化压裂的构思,并对水力脉冲压裂所用到的涡轮机构工具进行设计,分析并使用有限元数值模拟软件进行受力分析验证设计可行性以及所需材料强度。数值模拟结果表明:涡轮部件中部更易发生变形与断裂,需要选用材料强度较高的材料保证强度。工具采用涡轮驱动脉冲开关、止回阀防止回流、齿轮副调节脉冲频率,模块化程度高;设备组装便捷、可靠性稳定、耐酸耐高温,地层适应性强,能够满足水力压裂工艺需要。

With the increasing of petroleum exploration and development efforts,unconventional oil and gas resources such as low permeability and ultra-low permeability have gradually become the main body of oil and gas fields in various countries.This kind of ultra-low permeability formation fracturing is faced with the problems of low fracture forming degree,large pumping volume,and low energy utilization rate existing in conventional hydraulic fracturing technology.In view of the above problems,the concept of hydraulic pulse enhanced fracturing was proposed,and the turbine mechanism tool used in hydraulic pulse fracturing was designed and analyzed,and the finite element numerical simulation software was used to conduct force analysis to verify the design feasibility and the required material strength.The numerical simulation results show that the central part of the turbine is more prone to deformation and fracture,and the material with higher material strength should be selected to ensure the strength.The design adopts the turbine-driven pulse switch,the check valve to prevent backflow,and gears to regulate the pulse frequency,with high modularity,convenient equipment assembly,stable reliability,acid and high-temperature resistance,and strong stratigraphic adaptability,which can meet the needs of hydraulic fracturing process.