511例类风湿关节炎患者的共患病状况及分布差异的回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of comorbidities and distribution differences in 511 patients with rheumatoid arthritis

目的探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者的共患病状况及在不同年龄、性别、病程中的分布差异,为临床更好地综合防治RA及其共患病提供参考。方法回顾性分析2019年12月-2022年10月太和县中医院风湿科归档的511例RA住院病历,统计共患病数据,并分析不同年龄、性别、病程RA病例在共患病方面的分布差异。结果(1)511例RA患者的共患病涉及多个系统,构成比最高的为心脑血管系统疾病332例(64.97%),其次为运动系统疾病318例(62.23%),血液系统疾病229例(44.81%),内分泌系统疾病112例(21.92%),呼吸系统疾病81例(15.85%),其他风湿性疾病24例(4.70%),传染性疾病9例(1.76%)。(2)与男性组比较,女性组共患病中骨关节病、间质性肺病、脑梗死、贫血的患者显著增多(均P<0.05)。(3)与<60岁组比较,≥60岁组共患间质性肺病、骨质疏松、高血压、冠心病、心力衰竭、脑梗死、2型糖尿病、贫血、腰椎间盘突出的患者显著增多(均P<0.05)。(4)与<1年组比较,1~3年组、>3年组共患骨质疏松、贫血、腰椎间盘突出的患者显著增多(均P<0.05);与1~3年组比较,>3年组共患骨质疏松、高血压、脑梗死、贫血、颈椎病的患者显著增多(均P<0.05)。结论RA患者共患其他疾病者较多,且常涉及多个系统;并且在不同年龄、性别、病程时间患者中存在分布差异。

Objective To investigate the comorbidities of patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and their distribution differences in different age,gender and course of disease,and to provide reference for better comprehensive prevention and treatment of RA and comorbidities.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 511 inpatient medical records of RA filed in the Rheumatology Department of Taihe County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2019 to October 2022,statistical data of comorbidities were collected,and the differences in the distribution of comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis cases with different ages,genders and course of disease were analyzed.Results(1)The comorbidities of 511 RA patients involved multiple systems and the highest constituent ratio was cardio-cerebrovascular system diseases in 332 cases(64.97%),followed by motor system diseases in 318 cases(62.23%),hematological diseases in 229 cases(44.81%)and endocrine system diseases in 112 cases(21.92%),respiratory diseases in 81 cases(15.85%),other rheumatic diseases in 24 cases(4.70%)and infectious diseases in 9 cases(1.76%).(2)Compared with the male group,the incidence of osteoarthropathy,interstitial pneumonia,cerebral infarction and anemia in the female group was significantly increased(P<0.05).(3)Compared with<60 years old group,the incidence of interstitial pneumonia,osteoporosis,hypertension,coronary heart disease,heart failure,cerebral infarction,type 2 diabetes mellitus,anemia and lumbar disc herniation in≥60 years old group was significantly increased(all P<0.05).(4)Compared with<1 year group,the incidence of osteoporosis,anemia and lumbar disc herniation in 1-3 years group and>3 years group were significantly increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the 1-3 years group,the incidence of osteoporosis,hypertension,cerebral infarction,anemia and cervical spondylosis in the>3 years group was significantly increased(all P<0.05).Conclusion More RA patients have comorbidities,often involving multiple systems;and their distribution differences in different in different age,sex and duration of disease.