“北齐张谟墓志”辨伪

The Identify of Northern Qi Zhang Mo's Epitaph

“北齐张谟墓志”拓片于2012年由殷宪刊布。殷氏谓2006年在大同民间发现并于2007年购得,且“初步断定”其出自2008年发掘的山西朔州水泉梁北齐壁画墓,并以之为据确认了《魏书》所载“北新城”暨平齐郡的具体位置,著名史学家田余庆对此“赞赏有加”。对于这样一方没有明确来历的“幽灵”墓志,还须辨别真伪,在确证其可信的基础上方可对其所蕴含的历史文化内涵进行发掘利用。然而,该墓志拓片不仅在形制和书写上存在诸多错讹疑点,而且志文所载墓主“张谟”的生平仕履更是与当时的历史和制度格格不入。种种迹象表明,该墓志拓片是一份毫无可信度的赝品,出自今人伪造当无疑义,所谓“张谟”其人与朔州水泉梁北齐壁画墓墓主没有任何关系。以之为据来破解相关历史问题,如平齐郡、阴馆城、六修城特别是“北新城”位置之类的问题,自是无中生有,所谓“廓清”一千多年来的“迷雾”当然也就无从谈起。

The rubbing of Zhang Mo's epitaph of Northern Qi was published in 2012.Previous studies have concluded that this epitaph is from the Northern Qi mural tomb in Shuiquanliang,Shuozhou,Shanxi,which was excavated in 2008,and used as a evidence to confirm the specific location of the“Northern New Town”and Pingqi County contained in The Book of Wei.For the“ghost”epitaph that do not have a clear origin,we must also distinguish the authenticity.On the basis of confirming its credibility,the historical and cultural connotation it contains can be discovered and utilized.However,the epitaph not only has many wrong doubts in shape and writing,but also the life of the tomb owner“Zhang Mo”contained in the epitaph is incompatible with the history and system at that time.Various signs show that the epitaph is an irreversible fake,which is not doubtful from modern people.The so-called Zhang Mo has nothing to do with the tomb owner of the Northern Qi mural tomb in ShuiquanLiang,Shuozhou.Based on this to crack related historical issues,such as Pingqi County,Yinguan Town,Liuxiu Town,especially the location of“Northern New Town”,it is naturally out of nothing.