2018~2020年深圳市龙岗区流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of epidemic parotitis in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2020

目的分析2018~2020年深圳市龙岗区流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征。方法以抽样方式选取2018年1月~2020年12月深圳市龙岗区462例流行性腮腺炎患者的临床资料,分析不同性别及年龄患者的发病情况,不同季节患者的发病情况,不同教育程度患者的发病情况。结果2018~2020年深圳市龙岗区1~3岁、4~9岁、10~20岁、21~75岁男性的流行性腮腺炎发病率分别为7.3%、38.5%、49.2%、5.0%,女性分别为4.5%、37.0%、47.0%、11.5%。1~3岁、4~9岁、10~20岁男性的流行性腮腺炎发病率高于女性,21~75岁男性的流行性腮腺炎发病率低于女性。2018~2020年深圳市龙岗区4~6月流行性腮腺炎的发病率高于1~3月、7~9月、10~12月。2018、2019、2020年深圳市龙岗区的流行性腮腺炎发病率分别为33.3%、34.6%、32.0%,差异不大。2018~2020年深圳市龙岗区小学、初中、高中教育程度流行性腮腺炎发病率分别为23.8%、40.0%、21.6%,高于文盲、大专及以上教育程度的5.6%、8.9%。结论2018~2020年深圳市龙岗区流行性腮腺炎中男性患者数量明显更高,4~6月属于高发期,小学、初中、高中教育程度患者数量更高,均属于其流行病学特征,进而为深圳市龙岗区流行性腮腺炎疾病的治疗提供重要的参考依据。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic parotitis in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2020.Methods Clinical data of 462 cases of epidemic parotitis in Longgang District of Shenzhen from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected by sampling method.The prevalence of patients of different genders and ages,the incidence of patients in different seasons,and the prevalence of patients with different levels of education were analyzed.Results From 2018 to 2020,the prevalence of epidemic parotitis in males aged 1-3 years,4-9 years,10-20 years and 21-75 years in Longgang District of Shenzhen City were 7.3%,38.5%,49.2%and 5.0%,and those in females were 4.5%,37.0%,47.0%and 11.5%.The prevalence of epidemic parotitis in males aged 1-3 years,4-9 years and 10-20 years were higher than those in females,and the prevalence of epidemic parotitis in males aged 21-75 years was lower than that in females.The prevalence of epidemic parotitis from April to June in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2020 was higher than that from January to March,July to September,and October to December.The prevalence of epidemic parotitis in Longgang District of Shenzhen City in 2018,2019 and 2020 were 33.3%,34.6%and 32.0%,with little difference.The prevalence of epidemic parotitis among patients with primary school,junior high school and senior high school education in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2020 were 23.8%,40.0%and 21.6%,which was higher than those of illiterate patients and patients with junior college or above education level,which were 5.6%and 8.9%.Conclusion The number of male patients with epidemic parotitis in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2020 is significantly more,April to June is the high incidence period,and the number of patients with primary school,junior high school and senior high school education is more,which are all part of its epidemiological characteristics,and thus providing an important reference for the treatment of epidemic parotitis in Longgang District of Shenzhen City.