山东地区5250例备孕男性精液质量分析及其与年龄的相关性研究

Analysis of semen quality of 5,250 pregnant men in Shandong province and its correlation with age

目的 通过对山东地区某三甲医院5 250例备孕男性进行精液质量分析,了解山东地区男性精液质量基本状况,并分析该地区男性年龄与精液质量各参数的相关性。方法 选取2021年6月至2022年8月山东第一医科大学附属省立医院诊治的5 250例进行精液质量检测的备孕男性患者作为研究对象。使用计算机辅助精子分析系统等相关设备进行精液质量常规检验并对结果进行分析,按年龄分组,分析年龄与精液质量各参数的关系。结果 纳入研究的5 250例男性患者中,精液质量各参数均正常者占49.01%(2 573/5 250),精液质量异常者占50.99%(2 677/5 250)。精液质量异常者中精液体积异常者占16.81%(450/2 677),精子密度异常者占33.47%(896/2 677),前向运动精子百分率异常者占79.27%(2 114/2 677),总运动精子率异常者占48.60%(1 301/2 677),精子总数异常者占32.05%(858/2 677),正常形态精子率异常者占28.43%(761/2 677),无精子症者占7.28%(195/2 677)。对各年龄组精液参数进行分析,结果显示,≥40岁组除精子密度外,其他5项参数均显著下降(P<0.05);≤26岁组、27~32岁组和33~39岁组间各参数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 山东地区备孕男性精液异常的主要指标是前向运动精子百分率和总运动精子率,且随着年龄的增长精液质量发生变化,40岁以后明显降低,建议本地区男性40岁前完成生育。

Objective To understand the basic situation of male semen quality in Shandong province by analyzing the semen quality of 5,250 pregnant men in a class A tertiary hospital in Shandong province,and the correlation between male age and semen routine parameters was analyzed.Methods A total of 5,250 pregnant men who were treated in Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from June 2021 to August 2022 for semen quality testing as the research object.Routine semen quality test was performed by computer⁃assisted sperm quality analysis system and other related equipment,and the results were analyzed..The relationship between age and various parameters of semen quality was analyzed according to age group.Results Of the 5,250 pregnant male patients included in the study,49.01%patients had normal semen quality analysis parameters(2,573/5,250);50.99%patients had abnormal semen quality(2,677/5,250).Among the abnormal patients,16.81%patients had abnormal sperm volume(450/2,677),33.47%patients had abnormal sperm density(896/2,677),79.27%patients had abnormal forward motility sperm rate(2,114/2,677),48.60%patients had abnormal total motility sperm rate(1,301/2,677),32.05%patients had abnormal sperm count(858/2,677),and 28.43%patients had abnormal sperm rate of normal morphology(761/,2677),7.28%patients were azoospermia(195/2,677).The analysis of semen parameters in all age groups showed that except sperm density,the other five parameters in≥40 years old group decreased significantly(P<0.05).There was no significant difference among the parameters of the three groups(26 year⁃old group,27⁃32 year⁃old group and 33⁃39 year⁃old group)(P>0.05).Conclusions The main reasons for abnormal semen in pregnant men in Shandong province are the forward motility sperm rate and the total motility sperm rate.The semen quality changes with age and decreases significantly after the age of 40.It is recommended that men in this region complete fertility before the age of 40.