异军突起:清代骈体题图文探论

A New Force Emerged Unexpectedly:On the Parallel Prose Inscribed on Paintings in the Qing Dynasty

清代画学发达和骈体复兴,两者交集共振,促成了骈体图文的异军突起。清人既较多写作前人已有一定积累的骈体图赞,又大量创作古人较少涉笔的骈体图序、图记及图画题跋,对骈体图赋也不少用力。这些作品的主体创作思路既承续古人成法,也不乏交叉越界、破体为文的可贵尝试。作为图画作品的“解释者”,清代骈体题图文既有针对图画形制、内容及创作缘由等的纪实呈现功能,又有针对图画主题意旨的概括阐绎功能;与书写题材的丰富多样直接相关,这些作品涵纳的主题、旨趣也是多种多样的。要之,经过两百多年持续累积、发展的清代骈体题图文,不但拓宽了中国古代题画文学的疆域、丰富了清代骈文复兴的内涵,而且凸显了清代文人的雅趣高尚、体现了清代骈文家的人文情怀,有着比较突出的文学史意义。

The development of painting and the parallel prose in the Qing Dynasty contributed to the emergence of the parallel prose inscribed on paintings.Scholars in the Qing Dynasty not only wrote more painting inscriptions of parallel prose that has been accumulated by predecessors,but also created lots of painting prefaces,painting narrations and painting postscripts of parallel prose that the ancients were less involved in.They also made great efforts to the painting Fu of parallel prose.The main creative ideas of these works were to continue the established methods of the ancients,but there were also valuable attempts of crossing,overstepping and breaking through the style to create.As the“interpreters”of paintings,these works not only had the function of documentary presentation for the form,content and creation reasons of paintings,but also had the function of generalization and interpretation for the theme and intention of paintings.Related to the richness and diversity of writing themes,these works contained a variety of themes and purports.In a word,these works,which had been developed for more than 200 years,not only broadened the territory of ancient Chinese painting literature,enriched the connotation of the parallel prose in the Qing Dynasty,but also highlighted the elegant tastes of the scholars in the Qing Dynasty,reflected the humanistic feelings of the parallel prose writers in the Qing Dynasty,and had a more prominent significance in literary history.