优秀与普通武术散打运动员踝关节外侧副韧带急性损伤风险比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Risk of Acute Injury to Ankle Lateral Collateral Ligament for Outstanding and Ordinary Wushu Freestyle Grappling Athletes

通过比较优秀和普通武术散打运动员支撑腿踝关节的运动特征差异,探求运动等级与诱发踝关节外侧副韧带急性损伤风险的关系。运用三维运动捕捉系统和地面测力系统,对23名武术散打运动员在使用鞭腿技术时支撑腿踝关节的运动轨迹进行采集。依据鞭腿技术的动作特点将运动轨迹划分为启动、击打、回收3个时段,并对关节角度、角速度、位移、速度等运动学特征进行分析。研究发现:优秀和普通运动员的踝关节运动方向一致,但是在启动时段和回收时段的内翻角度存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。普通运动员的踝关节动作时间、位移大于优秀运动员,在启动时段的动作时间、位移和速度方面存在显著性差异(P<0.05);优秀运动员的踝关节稳定性好于普通运动员,普通运动员诱发外侧副韧带急性损伤风险高于优秀运动员,鞭腿技术在启动时段诱发踝关节外侧副韧带急性损伤风险相对较高。

The relationship between sports levels and the risk of acute injury to the ankle lateral collateral ligament was explored by comparing differences in the sports characteristics of the supporting leg ankle joints between outstanding and ordinary wushu athletes.Using a 3D motion capture system and a ground force measurement system,the trajectories of the ankle joint of the supporting legs of 23 wushu freestyle grappling athletes were captured by using the whip leg technique.According to the kinematic characteristics of the whip leg technique,the motion trajectory is divided into three periods:initiation,strike and recovery,and the kinematic characteristics such as joint angles,angular velocities,displacement,and velocities are analyzed.It was found that outstanding and ordinary athletes had the same direction of ankle motion,but there was a significant difference in inversion angle(P<0.05)during the initiation and recovery periods.Ordinary athletes had greater ankle movement time and displacement distance than the outstanding athletes,with significant differences in movement time,displacement and relocities during the initiation period(p<0.05).outstanding athletes have better ankle stability than ordinary athletes.The risk of acute injury to the lateral collateral ligament is higher for the ordinary athletes than in the outstanding athletes.The whip leg technique induces a relatively higher risk of acute injury to the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle during the initiation period.