泛家族主义情境下领导纳谏行为的过程机制研究

A Study on the Process Mechanism of Leaders'Voice Endorsement in the Context of Pan-Familialism

领导纳谏行为是推进数字时代企业民主管理的重要途径。本文基于领导纳谏行为的实践过程,剖析领导纳谏行为的过程机制。本文通过案例研究发现:在泛家族主义情境下,信任感知、权力调用及制度依循是领导纳谏行为实现的重要路径,其中信任感知过程包括上下级沟通频率和员工专业度,权力调用过程包括德行领导与赋权领导纳言,制度依循过程包括谏言渠道、反馈程序及激励手段。本文丰富了领导纳谏行为的过程研究,揭示了泛家族主义下领导纳谏行为的理论“黑箱”,拓展了泛家族主义下的信任、权力及制度对于个体行为影响的研究,有助于提高中国企业在不确定性环境中的决策质量和组织创新能力。

Unlike employee voice behavior,which carries risks and concerns,leaders'voice endorsement is a more proactive leadership behavior.Leaders actively listen to employee suggestions during the decision-making process and consider it a necessary step in this process.This is not only the development and utilization of employee knowledge and talent,but also the maintenance of employee democratic rights and personal dignity.Therefore,how to promote the leaders'voice endorsement in enterprises is crucial for playing the positive role of employee voice.However,the study of leaders'voice endorsement itself has a strong dependence on situational factors.Although scholars have paid attention to the study of leaders'voice endorsement,it has not improved negative workplace behaviors such as inactive employee voice,and there has been a lack of in-depth exploration of how situational factors and behaviors are connected through leaders'voice endorsement.This paper,based on the practical process of enterprise leaders'voice endorsement,analyzes the internal mechanism of leaders'voice endorsement behavior.The research results are as follows.Firstly,in a pan-familialism organization,trust is a key factor that affects leaders'voice endorsement.The frequency of communication between superiors and subordinates increases the understanding between them,deepening the basis for leaders'judgments of voice behavior.Employee professionalism ensures the reliability of information sources,making advice more persuasive and prompting leaders to provide appropriate feedback.Secondly,in the context of pan-familialism,power transfer will affect the leaders'voice endorsement,which is reflected in two aspects:granting leaders the power to accept advice and weakening informal power through moral leadership.Enterprises reasonably allocate power to give leaders a certain degree of decision-making power when receiving advice and establish a leadership ideology of"rule of virtue"to reduce the use of informal power in obedience relationships,which enables leaders to influence employee behavior through selfimprovement.Finally,in the context of pan-familialism,formal organizations use certain normative systems to weaken the effects of particularism such as relationships,and provide channels for voice,feedback procedures,and incentive methods to influence leaders'voice endorsement.This paper has expanded the existing literature in the following two aspects.Firstly,through detailed case analysis,this paper reveals the mechanism"black box"of leaders'voice endorsement,enriching related research.Secondly,fur⁃ther understanding and refining the core ideas of pan-familialism culture have expanded the research on the impact of trust,power,and institutional factors on individual behaviors under the influence of pan-familialism cultural factors.Unlike employee voice,leaders'voice endorsement is a more proactive leadership behavior.The paper to some extent reveals the process mechanism of leaders'voice endorsement in the context of panfamilialism,which helps guide Chinese enterprises to improve decision-making quality and organizational innovation ability in uncertain environments and better adapt to market competition,and the research on leaders'voice endorsement helps to improve the democratic management level of local enterprises in the digital economy environment,and effectively motivate knowledge-based employees.