论冬至的文化功能——以安徽冬至节俗为例

On the Cultural Function of the Winter Solstice Festival——Taking the Winter Solstice Festival Customs as an Example in Anhui Local Records

冬至是中国二十四节气之一,兼具中国农业文明自然与人文的两大内涵。安徽省纵跨中国南北,其冬至节俗具有一定的典型性和代表性。文章通过梳理安徽省地方志文献资料发现,庆贺、祭祀和饮食构成了冬至节俗的主要活动内容。从人类学的功能主义视角看,作为地域文化表征的冬至节俗,调适人与自然和谐共生的关系,维系地方社会的有序运行,发挥个体行为规范的教化功能,促进了优秀传统文化的传承。

The winter solstice is one of the twenty-four solar terms in China, and it is the earliest established solar term. As a companion of China's agricultural civilization, the winter solstice is not only a time mark for the transformation of seasons, but also a traditional festival comparable to the new year. Anhui Province, as a province that straddles different regions of North and South China, its winter solstice customs are typical and representative. Combing the local chronicles of Anhui Province, we can see that celebration, sacrifice and diet constitute the main activities of the winter solstice festival. From the perspective of functionalist anthropology, the winter solstice customs, as the representation of regional culture, adjust the harmonious symbiosis between man and nature, maintain the orderly operation of local society, play an educational role in the shaping of people's thoughts, and promote the inheritance and development of local traditional culture.