云南不同产地珠子参的品质评价研究

Study on Quality Evaluation of Panax japonicus var.major from Three Different Habitats in Yunnan

目的:研究不同产地野生珠子参的竹节参皂苷IVa和总皂苷的含量差异,结合农艺性状对三个不同产地珠子参的种质资源进行评价,为珠子参的栽培及优质种质的筛选提供理论基础。方法:以云南三个不同产地野生珠子参为研究对象,采用紫外分光光度法和试剂显色法测定珠子参中总皂苷的含量;采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定珠子参中竹节参皂苷IVa的含量;采用民族植物学田野调查法研究云南三个不同产地珠子参的农艺性状。结果:云南三个不同产地的野生珠子参,以云南省丽江市玉龙县的野生珠子参中总皂苷和竹节参皂苷IVa的含量最高,其珠子参总皂苷的含量为15.21%±1.25%,珠子参中竹节参皂苷IVa的含量为4.78%±0.35%,农艺性状也相对较优。结论:不同产地的珠子参质量差异较大,云南省丽江市玉龙县的野生珠子参品质较好,具有较高的开发利用价值。

Objective:To study the differences in the content of chikusetsusaponin IVa and total saponins in wild Panax japonicus var.major from different origins,and evaluate the germplasm resources of wild P.japonicus in three different sources combined with agronomic traits,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of P.japonicus and the screening of high-quality germplasm.Methods:Wild P.ja⁃ponicus from three different origins in Yunnan was used as the research object.The content of total saponins from P.japonicus was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and reagent chromogenic method;The content of chikusetsusapoin IVa in P.japonicus was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC);Ethnobotanical fieldwork was used to study the agronomic traits of P.japonicus from three different sources in Yunnan.Results:The contents of total saponin and chikusetsusaponin IVa in wild P.japonicus from Yulong County,Lijiang City,Yunnan Province were the highest.The content of total saponins in P.japonicus was 15.21%±1.25%,and the content of chikusetsusaponin IVa in P.japoni⁃cus was 4.78%±0.35%,and the agronomic traits were relatively good.Conclusion:The quality of P.ja⁃ponicus varies greatly from different origins,and the quality of wild P.japonicus in Yulong County,Lijiang City,Yunnan Province is better and has high development and utilization value.