陕西长青国家级自然保护区豹猫日活动节律及其季节变化研究初报

Daily Activity Rhythm and Seasonal Variation of Prionailurus bengalensis based on Infrared Camera Technology of Changqing national Reserve in Shaanxi

全面的活动节律研究对野生动物保护和管理有重要意义。豹猫在我国分布广泛,但关于其活动节律的研究相对较少。本研究于2017年9月至2019年9月开展了为期两年的野外红外相机调查,在92个网格共布设109个红外相机,并对回收数据进行统计分析。结果显示:(1)共有34个网格拍摄到豹猫,占所有网格的36.9%,拍摄位置主要为海拔1000~2400 m范围内较平缓沟谷林地中;(2)豹猫属于典型的夜行性动物,早晨6∶00前后和晚上的20∶00前后存在两个活动高峰期;(3)豹猫在夏季活动强度最高,其次是春季和秋季,冬季活动强度最低,其四个季节的日活动节律差异不显著,重叠系数在春季和夏季最高,夏季和冬季最低。

Comprehensive activity rhythm research is of great significance for wildlife protection and management.The Prionailurus bengalensis is widely distributed in China,but there were relatively few studies on its rhythm.In this study,a two-year field infrared camera survey was carried out from September 2017 to September 2019,and a total of 109 infrared cameras were deployed in 92 grids,and the recovered data were statistically analyzed.The results showed that:(1)a total of 34 grids were photographed with ocelots,accounting for 36.9%of all grids.The Prionailurus bengalensis was mainly distributed in the relatively gentle valley woodland ranging from 1000 m to 2400m above sea level;(2)the Prionailurus bengalensis was a typical nocturnal animal,and there were two peak periods of activity at about 6 o'clock in the morning and about 20 o'clock in the evening;(3)the ocelot had the highest activity intensity in summer,followed by spring and autumn,and the lowest activity intensity in winter.The difference in the rhythm of diurnal activity in the four seasons was not significant,and the overlap coefficient was highest in spring and summer,and lowest in summer and winter.