仁怀市景观格局与景观生态风险特征评价

Assessment of Landscape Pattern and Landscape Ecological Risk in Renhuai City

景观格局与景观生态风险评估分析对衡量区域生态安全,建立生态风险预警机制与维护流域生态功能具有重要意义。本研究以仁怀市为研究对象,基于ArcGIS和GeoDa软件平台,采用生态风险评估模型,运用地统计学方法,分析了仁怀市景观格局分布特征,评估了景观生态风险及其空间分异特征。结果表明:(1)林地和耕地是研究区的优势景观类型,占比90%以上,各景观类型空间分异明显;(2)景观生态风险具有明显的空间异质性,人类活动干扰较大的建设用地、耕地和水体景观具有较高的生态风险等级;(3)景观生态风险具有显著的空间集聚效应,Moran’s I值为0.45,“高-高”景观生态风险聚集区沿水体景观和建筑用地景观呈条带状分布格局。该研究结果可为仁怀市景观生态安全格局构建、生物多样性保护区划和酱香酒产业高质量绿色发展空间布局提供重要的科学依据。

Landscape pattern and landscape ecological risk assessment analysis are of great significance for measuring regional ecological security,establishing ecological risk early warning mechanism,and maintaining ecological function of the watershed.Based on ArcGIS and GeoDa software platforms,this study takes Renhuai city,the core producing area of Maotai-flavor wine in China as the research object.the distribution characteristics of landscape pattern in Renhuai city were analyzed,and the landscape ecological risk and its spatial differentiation characteristics were evaluated via adopting ecological risk assessment model and geostatistical analysis method.The results showed that forest land and cultivated land were the dominant landscape types in the study area,accounting for more than 90%,and the spatial differentiation of each landscape type was obvious.Besides,landscape ecological risk had obvious spatial heterogeneity.The construction land,cultivated land and waterbody with greater human activity interference had higher ecological risk levels.Furthermore,landscape ecological risk had a significant spatial agglomeration effect that the Moran’s I value was 0.45,and the"High-High"landscape ecological risk accumulation area presented a banded distribution pattern along the water body and construction land landscape.The research results could provide important scientific basis for the construction of landscape ecological security pattern,biodiversity conservation regionalization and high-quality green development spatial layout of Maotai-flavor wine industry in Renhuai city.