滑坡监测中无线传感器网络节点部署的虚拟力算法

Virtual force algorithm for the node deployment of wireless sensor network in landslide monitoring

为了增强虚拟力算法在滑坡区域部署无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network, WSN)节点的适用性,提出了适用于滑坡监测中节点部署的虚拟力算法。针对滑坡监测区域的地形起伏和边界问题,在传统虚拟力算法上进行了改良,通过离散化的区域边界进行边界虚拟力大小和方向的计算,提升了虚拟力平衡状态下网络的覆盖率,引入最大虚拟力限制与步长系数,防止节点的过度移动与震荡,增强了算法的稳定性。采用二元感知模型,在多种形状的二维平面区域和三个不同的三维曲面区域(滑坡区域的地表面)中,使用本文所提出的算法与其他两种已有的虚拟力算法(避障虚拟力算法和虚拟分子力算法)进行WSN节点的模拟部署,计算结果表明,相较于其他两种虚拟力算法,该算法具有更高的网络覆盖率。

In order to enhance the applicability of virtual force algorithm for the node deployment of wireless sensor network(WSN)nodes in landslide monitoring area,a virtual force algorithm suitable for node deployment in landslide monitoring is proposed.Aiming at the topographic relief and boundary problems in the landslide monitoring area,the traditional virtual force algorithm is improved.The size and direction of the virtual force on the boundary are calculated through the discrete regional boundary,which improves the coverage of the network in the virtual force equilibrium state,introduces the maximum virtual force limit and step coefficient,prevents the excessive movement and vibration of nodes,and enhances the stability of the algorithm.Using the binary perception model,the algorithm proposed in this paper and the other two existing virtual force algorithms(obstacle avoidance virtual force algorithm and virtual molecular force algorithm)are used to simulate the deployment of WSN nodes in two-dimensional plane areas with various shapes and three different three-dimensional curved areas(the ground surface of landslide area).The results show that compared with the other two virtual force algorithms,this algorithm has higher network coverage.