支撑“双碳”目标实现的问题辨识与关键举措研究

Problem Identification and Key Measures to Support the Achievement of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality

中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家和主要的能源消费国与碳排放国,“双碳”目标对中国经济社会绿色低碳发展提出了更高要求。实现“双碳”目标是一场广泛而深刻的经济社会系统性变革,需要在科学认识的基础上,辨识实现“双碳”目标的问题与挑战,研究提出推进“双碳”工作的关键举措。在坚持问题导向基础上,剖析了“双碳”问题的来源,探究了“双碳”问题的本质与深层表现;系统分析了中国实现“双碳”目标面临的挑战与条件基础,统筹发展与减排等多对关系;提出了推动能源绿色低碳转型、推进重点领域节能、推广应用节能低碳技术和产品、完善绿色低碳发展体制机制、促进资源节约集约利用、巩固和提升生态系统碳汇能力、加强国际交流与合作等实现“双碳”目标的关键举措。

As the world’s largest developing country and major energy consuming and carbon emitting country,the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality(dual carbon)sets higher requirements for China to achieve green and low-carbon economic and social development.Achieving the"dual carbon"goal is a broad and profound economic and social systemic transformation.It is therefore necessary to identify the problems and challenges in achieving the"dual carbon"goal based on a scientific understanding,and the key measures to promote the"dual carbon"work should be proposed.Adhering to the problem-oriented approach,this paper analyzes the sources of"dual carbon"problem,and explores its essence and deep manifestations.Then the paper systematically analyzes the challenges and conditions faced by China to achieve the"dual carbon"goal.On the basis of coordinating development and emission reduction,key measures are proposed to achieve the"dual carbon"goal,including promoting green and low-carbon transformation of energy,advancing energy conservation in key areas,popularizing the application of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies and products,perfecting the system and mechanism for green and low-carbon development,promoting conservation and intensive utilization of resources;enhancing the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem,and strengthening international exchanges and cooperation.