早产儿支气管肺发育不良相关肺外并发症研究进展

Progress on extrapulmonary complications related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants

早产儿支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia, BPD)是在肺发育不成熟的基础上, 由多种因素共同作用导致肺泡化障碍而形成的一种慢性肺部疾病, 往往需要长期的氧疗或反复机械通气治疗。BPD患儿受多种因素影响, 除肺部病变外易合并肺外并发症, 如脑白质损伤、胆汁淤积症和代谢性骨病等。因此, 明确早产儿BPD与其相关并发症的关系, 了解导致肺外并发症发生的高危因素, 对改善BPD患儿的远期预后有重要意义。

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in premature infants is a chronic lung disease caused by multiple factors that work together to cause alveolarization disorders on the basis of immature lung development.It often requires long-term oxygen therapy or repeated mechanical ventilation treatment.In addition to pulmonary lesions,children with BPD are prone to extrapulmonary complications due to various factors,such as white matter damage,cholestasis,and metabolic bone disease.Therefore,clarifying the relationship between premature BPD and its related complications,understanding the high-risk factors leading to extrapulmonary complications,may be of great significance for improving the long-term prognosis of BPD patients.