黑龙江省各区县三甲医院医疗服务可及性研究

Research on the Accessibility of Tertiary A Hospital in Heilongjiang Province

评估三甲医院的空间均衡性是合理布局优质医疗资源的重要依据。利用高斯衰减两步移动搜索法与耦合协调度模型量化分析黑龙江省各区县三甲医院的可及性空间分布规律及供需协调发展程度。对比三甲医院+∞h与1.5 h服务半径发现,哈尔滨市、大庆市、齐齐哈尔市中心城区三甲医院的就医地理可及性优势突出,大兴安岭、黑河地区地理可及性较弱,就医距离长、交通连贯性差。黑龙江省三甲医院医疗服务可及性高低值集聚鲜明,高值区域主要集中在西部松嫩平原,以哈尔滨市、绥化市为代表,低值区域集中在北部大小兴安岭及东北部三江平原地区。整体来看,各区县三甲医院供需关系较为协调,绝大部分区县供给高于需求,黑龙江省三甲医院未来改善方向应侧重于提升优质医疗资源的利用效率。

Evaluating the spatial balance of tertiary A hospitals is recognized as an important basis for realizing the rational distribution of high-quality medical resources.Through the Gaussian decay two-step floating catchment area method(Ga2SFCA)and the coupled coordination degree model,the study quantitatively analyzes the spatial distribution of accessibility,and the coordinated development of supply and demand of tertiary A hospitals at the district and county scale in Heilongjiang Province.Through comparing the service radius of+∞h and 1.5 h of the Grade A tertiary hospitals,it is found that the central urban areas of Harbin City,Daqing City and Qiqihar City have prominent advantages in geographical accessibility;while the geographical accessibility of Daxinganling and Heihe areas is relatively weak,with a certain resistance to medical treatment in terms of traffic and distance.The high and low values of the accessibility of tertiary A hospitals in Heilongjiang Province are clearly clustered.The high-value areas are mainly concentrated in the Songnen Plain in the west,represented by Harbin City and Suihua City,and the low-value areas are concentrated in the Greater Khingan Mountains and the Lesser Khingan Mountains in the north and the Sanjiang Plain in the northeast.On the whole,the supply and demand of tertiary A hospitals in various districts and counties is relatively coordinated,and the supply in most districts and counties is higher than the demand.The future improvement direction of tertiary A hospitals in Heilongjiang Province should focus on the improvement of the utilization efficiency of high-quality medical resources.