电火花震源在煤矿采区三维地震勘探中的应用

Application of Electric Spark Source in 3D Seismic Exploration of Coal Mining Area

电火花震源是一种典型的非炸药地震勘探震源,多用于海洋地震勘探中,具有安全、绿色、环保等优点。以往由于电火花震源体积笨重,施工效率低,在煤矿采区三维地震勘探中应用极少。随着技术进步,电火花震源实现了轻量化、智能化,能够适应各种地质工况的需求。山东省滕县煤田一采区三维地震勘探区地表村庄等障碍物较多,表层地震地质条件较为复杂,炸药震源激发离房屋近对建筑物破坏性大,偏移距过大又会造成地震剖面开天窗,目的层反射波不连续。经过调查对比分析,本次三维地震野外数据采用电火花震源激发,生产前进行了井深与电火花能量试验,确定了激发参数。结果所获单炮记录与地震剖面信噪比高、目的层反射波同相轴连续性好,能够满足煤矿采区三维地震精细勘探,取得了较好的应用效果。电火花震源可以作为一种补充震源,在煤矿采区复杂地表条件地震勘探中推广应用。

Electric spark source is a typical non-explosive seismic exploration source,which is mostly used in marine seismic exploration,and has the advantages of safety,green and environmental protection.In the past,due to the bulky volume and low construction efficiency of electric spark source,it was rarely used in three-dimensional seismic exploration in coal mining areas.With the progress of technology,the electric spark source has realized lightweight and intelligent,and can meet the needs of various geological conditions.There are many obstacles such as surface villages in the 3D seismic exploration area of Tengxian coalfield,Shandong Province.The surface seismic geological conditions are relatively complex.The explosive source excitation is close to the building,which is destructive to the building.Too large offset will cause the seismic profile to open the skylight,and the reflection wave of the target layer is discontinuous.After investigation,comparison and analysis,this 3D seismic field data is excited by electric spark source.Well depth and electric spark energy tests are conducted before production,and the excitation parameters are determined.The obtained single-shot record and seismic profile have high signal-to-noise ratio,and the continuity of the target layer reflection wave is good,which can meet the requirements of three-dimensional seismic fine exploration in coal mining areas,and has achieved good application results.Electric spark source can be used as a supplementary source in seismic exploration of complex surface conditions in coal mining areas.