基于“最小单位”教育政策形塑的理论追溯、框架重构及其启示

Theoretical Tracing,Framework Reconstruction,and Enlightenment about the Shaping of Education Policy Based on the Perspective of"Minimum Unit"

国外教育政策执行研究在对权威工具主义线性政策分析的质疑中,在21世纪出现了新的转向,通过综合话语理论、阐释理论和话语制度主义理论对基于“最小单位”的教育政策形塑理论进行追溯,重构了“阐释?话语?行动”的教育政策形塑分析框架。遵循政策解构与建构的逻辑演进对框架进行解释:话语位于教育政策形塑逻辑中的中心位置,一面指向阐释,是执行主体政策阐释的重要方式;一面指向行动,是执行主体在政策阐释的基础上将政策文本转化为政策行动的重要基础。并通过对政策阐释所依托的意义脉络分析,探析阐释和行动的复杂影响因素,以此来完成对政策的解构。同时,话语通过和观念的互动,与政策及制度联系起来,明确了教育政策在实践场域中所经历的政策过程和制度阶段,以此完成对政策的建构。

In the 21st century,foreign research on the implementation of education policy has seen a new turn in the questioning of the authoritative instrumentalist linear poli-cy analysis.Through combining discourse theory,interpretive theory,and discourse institu-tionalism theory,tracing back to the theory of education policy shaping based on the"mini-mum unit",to construct the"Interpret Discourse Action"educational policy analysis framework.Follow the logical evolution of policy deconstruction and construction to explain the framework,the deconstruction of policies:discourse is at the center of the shaping logic of educational policy,and on the one hand,it points to interpretation,which is an important way for the executive subject to interpret the policy;One side points to action,which is an important basis for the executive body to translate the policy text into policy action on the basis of policy interpretation.And through the analysis of the meaning context on which the interpretation depends,it explores the complex influencing factors of its interpretation and action.At the same time,the construction of policies:discourse connects discourse with pol-icy and system through the interaction with ideas,and clarifies the policy process and sys-tem stage of educational policy in the field of practice.