基于“三生”功能的滨海城市国土空间演化及其生态系统响应——以山东省青岛市为例

Land Spatial Evolution and Ecosystem Response of Coastal Cities Based on Ecological-Production-Living Function:A Case Study in Qingdao City,Shandong Province

以1990—2020年间的土地利用数据为基础,构建“三生空间”用地分类体系,分析了滨海城市——青岛市国土空间用地转型及其生态系统响应的时空演化过程。结论如下:1)青岛市生活空间用地面积增加较快,生产、生态空间持续减少;2)生态环境质量在空间分布上整体呈现“南北高、中间低”的特点,“高—高”型生态环境质量区集聚在北部茶山及南部大熊山等山地、丘陵地区,“低—低”型聚集区集中分布在胶州湾滨海沿线快速城镇化走廊区域。空间演化方面,“高—高”型聚集区变化较为显著;“低—低”型聚集区则出现一定程度蔓延,尤以城阳区一带最为明显;3)导致生态环境改善、恶化两种趋势的因素在青岛市共存,且后者远高于前者。

Based on the land use classification data from 1990 to 2020 and the construction of the ecological-production-living spaces classification system,this paper discusses the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use transformation and its ecosystem response in Qingdao,Shandong province,a typical coastal city in China.(1)The land area of production and ecological space in Qingdao continues to decrease,and the land area of living space increases rapidly.(2)The overall spatial distribution of Qingdao′s ecological environment quality presents a pattern of"high in the north and south and low in the middle".The"high-high"ecological environment quality area is concentrated in mountainous and hilly areas such as Chashan Mountain in the north and Daxiongshan Mountain in the south,and the"low-low"ecological environment quality area is concentrated in the coastal rapid urbanization corridor of Jiaozhou Bay.In terms of spatial evolution,the change of"high-high"spatial aggregation area is more significant;"Low-low"spatial aggregation areas spread to a certain extent,especially in Chengyang district.(3)There are two trends of ecological environment improvement and deterioration in Qingdao,and the deterioration trend is much higher than the improvement trend.