文化的冲突与调适:清末民初的学堂星期日

Culture Collision and Adaptation:School Sunday in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

清末民初,星期日休息引入国内学堂,并非是一个单纯的现代化进程,当时教育界人士敏感地察觉到,此一假期背后蕴含着西方宗教文化与传统儒家文化之间的强烈冲突。星期日的文化合法性问题,随之成为时人关注的重点。此外,当星期日休息体制化后,国内教育界人士也纷纷产生了焦虑感。他们为了应对学生假期闲暇的道德风险,对此一假期进行了大规模改造。在学堂师生的假期生活方式的选择上,儒家文化理念成为一个重要的意义支撑。这反映出,儒家文化传统与“现代性”假期制度之间存在相互调适的一面。

The introduction of Sunday rest to domestic schools in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican period was not a mere modernization process,but also implied a collision and interaction between Chinese and Western cultures.Educators at that time were sensitive to the fact that behind this holiday lay a strong conflict between Western religious culture and traditional Confucian culture.The question of the cultural legitimacy of Sunday became a major concern of the time.Moreover,when Sunday rest was institutionalized,anxiety arose among domestic educators.In order to save students from the risks of idleness,this holiday urgently needed to be transformed on a large scale.The Confucian cultural concept became an important source of meaning in the choice of holiday lifestyles for school teachers and students.This reflects that there is also a mutual adjustment between the traditional Confucian culture and the holiday system with modernity.