分子管理在炼油领域分离技术中的应用和发展趋势

Application and development trend of molecular management inseparation technology in petrochemical field

先进的分离技术对于提升生产效率、制备高端产品、节能减排有着重要的意义。本文总结了炼油领域中蒸馏、吸附、膜分离、萃取、结晶等常用分离技术的进料相态、基本原理、应用场景、优势及存在的问题。由于对原油本质组成的认识不清晰,使得分离过程耗能低效。针对现状,提出对原油及二次加工原料进行分子层面的认知,发挥先进分离技术的作用及开发新的分离工艺技术有着重要的意义。基于此,阐述了分子管理理念的提出、目前的发展及应用,重点分析了分子管理在分离领域的应用。文中并总结了一些最新分离技术包括分子蒸馏、分子印迹、膜蒸馏、摸萃取、双水相萃取、熔融结晶等。最后,提出了未来基于分子管理的分离技术发展趋势将逐步智能化、集成化、绿色化。

The development of advanced separation technology is of great significance for improving production efficiency,preparing high-end products,and reducing carbon emission.This paper summarizes the feed phase state,basic principles,application scenarios,advantages and existing problems of common separation technologies in the refining field,such as distillation,adsorption,membrane separation,extraction,and crystallization.Due to unclear understanding of the essential composition of crude oil,the separation process consumes energy and is inefficient.In response to the current situation,it is of great significance to propose a molecular level understanding of crude oil and secondary processing raw materials,leverage the role of advanced separation technologies,and develop new separation process technologies.Based on this,the development and application of molecular management concepts are described,focusing on the application of molecular management in the separation technology.The article also summarizes some of the latest separation technologies,including molecular distillation,molecular imprinting,membrane distillation,touch extraction,aqueous two-phase extraction,melt crystallization,etc.The development trend of separation technology based on the molecular management will be intelligent,green and integrated in the future.