矿山公园的生态恢复与景观营造——以山西某废弃矿为例

Ecological Restoration and Landscape Construction of Mine Parks:A Case Study of an Abandoned Mine in Shanxi

为了实现对山西废弃矿的生态恢复与景观营造,以山西废弃矿区为研究对象,对矿区的地理位置、生态系统情况和植物覆盖情况进行了调研,从建设矿山公园的角度出发,根据矿区的实际情况,从矿区除尘、地形处理、种植植物和水土保持等4个方面进行生态恢复改造。形成了形态各异、丰富多彩的小型灌木丛、草地、树林等人造自然景观,同时也形成了不同功能性的植物群落,分别是自然植物群落、观赏植物群落,构成稳定的植物生态系统。生态景观设计,结合矿区的地形和自然条件,因地制宜,进行植物覆盖种植,与原有矿区的自然风光融合,形成具有代表性的矿山公园景观。实现充分保护好矿区生态环境、历史文化和人文景观,建立保护与开发的良性互动机制,协调处理好矿山公园旅游开发与生态环境的关系,保持自然和文化的持久魅力。

In order to achieve the ecological restoration and landscape construction of the abandoned mine in Shanxi,the study takes the abandoned mine area in Shanxi as the research object,and investigates the current geographical location,ecosystem conditions and vegetation coverage of the mine area.From the perspective of constructing a mine park,according to the actual situation of the mine area,the ecological restoration of the mine area has gone through 4 processes:dust removal,terrain treatment,planting vegetation,and soil and water conservation.It has resulted in a variety of diverse and colorful artificial natural landscapes such as small shrubs,grasslands and forests.At the same time,it also formed different functional plant communities,including natural plant communities and ornamental plant communities,which constitute a stable plant ecosystem.In the ecological landscape design,the mine’s topography and natural conditions are combined,and the plant coverage is planted in a tailored way,blending with the original natural scenery of the mine area to form a representative mine park landscape.The ecological environment,historical culture and human landscape of the mine area are fully protected,and a benign interaction mechanism between protection and development is established.The relationship between mine park tourism development and the ecological environment is coordinated to maintain the lasting charm of nature and culture.