弹性模量的发现历程

THE DISCOVER OF ELASTIC MODULUS

尽管弹性模量以英国科学家托马斯·杨(Thomas Young,1773—1829)的名义命名,被称为杨氏模量,然而,弹性模量的发现并非由托马斯·杨一人独立完成。本文通过文献梳理,重点分析了雅各布·伯努利(Jacob Bernoulli,1655—1705)、欧拉(Leonhard Euler,1707—1783)、里卡蒂(Giordano Riccati,1709—1790)、托马斯·杨、纳维(Claude-Louis Navier,1785—1836)等人在弹性模量发现过程中的贡献,通过勾勒弹性模量概念的发现历程,探索力学概念在其发展过程中的内在逻辑性。

Although the modulus of elasticity is named after the British scientist Thomas Young(1773—1829)and is called Young's modulus,the discovery of the modulus of elasticity was not done by Thomas Young alone.As early as the end of the 17th century,Jacob Bernoulli(1655—1705)touched upon the elastic modulus when he studied the deflection line of the beam.Many peoples,such as Leonhard Euler(1707—1783),Giordano Riccati(1709—1790),Claude-Louis Navier(1785—1836),etc.,played important roles in this process.This paper attempts to outline the discovery process of the modulus of elasticity and explore the internal logic of the concept of mechanics.