定向注射骨水泥在单侧穿刺椎体成形术中的应用观察

Observation on the Application of Directed Injection of Bone Cement in Unilateral Puncture Vertebroplasty

目的:观察骨水泥定向注射技术应用于单侧穿刺椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)的临床疗效。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年12月广州中医药大学顺德医院骨科收治的单节段老年OVCF患者40例作为研究对象,按照治疗序号随机分为治疗组和对照组,各20例。两组均采用椎体成形术治疗,治疗组采用定向注射技术,对照组应用常规注射技术。比较两组随访情况骨水泥分布优良率、术后骨水泥渗漏率、疼痛程度及活动功能。结果:两组患者术后病情稳定;治疗组骨水泥分布优良率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组术后骨水泥渗漏率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005);术后6个月,治疗组视觉疼痛模拟评分法评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组Oswestry功能障碍指数评分低于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:骨水泥定向注射技术应用于单侧穿刺椎体成形术治疗老年OVCF患者的效果显著,有助于改善骨水泥的弥散和分布,降低骨水泥渗漏率,减轻患者疼痛程度,增强活动功能。

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of directed injection technique of bone cement applied to unilateral puncture vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF)in the elderly.Methods:Forty cases of single-segment elderly OVCF patients admitted to the Department of Orthopedics,Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group of twenty cases each according to the treatment sequence number.Both groups were treated with vertebroplasty,and the treatment group used directed injection technique,while the control group applied conventional injection technique.The two groups were compared in terms of excellent rate of cement distribution,postoperative cement leakage rate,pain level and activity function at follow-up.Results:The postoperative conditions of patients in the two groups were stable;The rate of excellent bone cement distribution in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);The rate of postoperative bone cement leakage in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.005);At 6 months postoperatively,the visual pain analog scale method score of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);The Oswestry dysfunction index score of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group with a statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusion:The application of directed injection of bone cement to unilateral puncture vertebroplasty for the treatment of elderly OVCF patients is effective,which helps to improve the dispersion and distribution of bone cement,reduce the rate of cement leakage,reduce the pain level of the patients,and enhance the function of activities.