5种中药提取物及其组合对嗜水气单胞菌的体外抑制作用

In vitro inhibition of five Chinese herbal extracts and their combinations against Aeromonas hydrophila

试验旨在探讨大黄、诃子、五倍子、黄连、黄芩5种中药及其组合对嗜水气单胞菌的体外抑制作用。试验测定了5种中药的水提物和醇提物对3株嗜水气单胞菌的抑菌圈、最低抑菌浓度(MIC)、最低杀菌浓度(MBC)及对嗜水气单胞菌生长的影响,采用棋盘交叉法测定了5种中药联合抑菌作用。结果显示,大黄和黄芩醇提物的抑菌圈显著高于其水提物(P<0.05),诃子和黄连水提物的抑菌圈显著高于其醇提物(P<0.05),五倍子水提物和醇提物抑菌圈大小相近。五倍子抗菌作用最强,其水提物和醇提物MIC为7.81~15.63 g/L,大黄醇提物和诃子水提物抗菌作用次之,MIC均为15.63~31.25 g/L。选择抑菌作用更强的提取物两两组合,五倍子水提物与其他4种中药提取物组合、大黄醇提物与黄连水提物组合均为协同作用;黄连水提物与黄芩醇提物组合为相加作用;大黄醇提物与黄芩醇提物、诃子水提物与黄连水提物组合均为无关作用;诃子水提物与黄芩醇提物组合为拮抗作用。研究表明,5种中药对嗜水气单胞菌均具有抑制作用,五倍子作用最强,五倍子水提物与其他4种中药提取物两两组合、黄连水提物与黄芩醇提物组合均可增强抗菌活性。

The study investigated the in vitro inhibitory effect of five Chinese herbals including Rhubarb,Terminalia chebula Retz,Galla chinensis,Coptis chinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis,and their combinations on Aeromonas hydrophila.The inhibitory zone,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)and growth of three strains of Aeromonas hydrophila were determined by the aqueous and alcohol extracts of five kinds of traditional Chinese herbals,and the antibacterial effect of five kinds of Chinese herbals combined with Aeromonas hydrophila was determined by the chessboard cross method.The results showed that the inhibitory zone of the alcohol extract of Rhubarb and Scutellaria baicalensis was significantly higher than that of the water extract(P<0.05),and the inhibition zone of the water extract of Terminalia chebula Retz and Coptis chinensis was significantly higher than that of the alcohol extract(P<0.05).The inhibition zone of the water extract and the alcohol extract of Galla chinensis was similar.Galla chinensis had the strongest antibacterial activity,with MICs of 7.81~15.63 g/L of water extract and alcohol extract,followed by Rhubarb alcohol extract and Terminalia chebula Retz water extract,with MIC of 15.63~31.25 g/L.The combination of Galla chinensis water extract and other four Chinese herbals extracts,and the combination of Rhubarb alcohol extract and Coptis chinensis water extract showed synergistic effects.The combination of aqueous extract of Coptis chinensis and ethanol extract of Scutellaria baicalensis showed an additive effect.The combination of rhubarb alcohol extract and Scutellaria baicalensis alcohol extract,and the combination of Terminalia chebula Retz water extract and Coptis chinensis water extract had no effect.The combination of an aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula Retz and ethanol extract of Scutellaria baicalensis showed antagonistic effect.The experiment indicates that all the five Chinese herbals have inhibitory effect on Aeromonas hydrophila,and Galla chinensis has the strongest inhibitory effect.The combination of Galla chinensis water extract and other four Chinese herbals extracts,and the combination of Coptis chinensis water extract and Scutellaria baicalensis alcohol extract can enhance the antibacterial activity.