褐藻胶-富里酸改性石膏对玉米根系形态及植株生长的影响

Effects of alginate and fulvic acid modified gypsum on maize root morphological traits and plant growth

为探究褐藻胶-富里酸改性石膏(AFG)对玉米(Zea mays L.)根系形态和植株生长的调控作用,评估AFG在玉米生产上的应用价值,于2022年设置6个AFG施用量:0(T0)、20(T20)、40(T40)、60(T60)、80(T80)、100 kg·hm^(-2)(T100),分析施用AFG对玉米根系形态性状和产量的影响。结果表明:施用AFG处理较不施用处理显著提高了土壤有效硫含量;施用AFG对根系形态性状具有明显调控作用,与T0相比,根总长度、根表面积、根平均直径、根尖数、根体积和根干质量的提高幅度分别为7.6%~18.2%、14.0%~31.2%、5.1%~11.0%、11.6%~17.9%、20.9%~45.7%和7.8%~18.7%。与其他处理相比,T40处理的根系形态性状最优,进一步提高AFG施用量则调控效果有降低趋势。施用AFG处理的玉米单株籽粒产量较不施用处理增加2.6%~8.9%,并以T40处理的单株籽粒产量最高。根尖数、根表面积、根系体积、根总长度、根冠比、根干质量和根平均直径与单株籽粒产量呈显著相关,对单株籽粒产量影响最强的根系性状为根干质量、根冠比、根总长度和根尖数。综上,在合理施用量下,AFG可优化玉米根系形态性状,促进玉米丰产。

In order to reveal the effects of alginate and fulvic acid modified gypsum(AFG)on maize(Zea mays L.)root morphological traits and plant growth as well as assess the application potential of AFG in maize production,a field experiment was conducted during the maize growing season in 2022.The experiment included six treatments,with AFG application rate as 0(T0),20(T20),40(T40),60(T60),80 kg·hm^(-2)(T80),and 100 kg·hm^(-2)(T100),respectively.The effects of AFG application on maize root morphological traits and yield were analyzed.The results showed that compared with the T0 treatment,AFG application significantly increased soil available sulfur concentration and regulated maize root morphological traits.For example,root total length,root surface area,root average diameter,number of root tips,root volume,and root dry weight were 7.6%~18.2%,14.0%~31.2%,5.1%~11.0%,11.6%~17.9%,20.9%~45.7%and 7.8%~18.7%greater in the AFG-applied treatments than in the T0 treatment.Among the five AFG-applied treatments,the best root morphological traits were observed in the T40 treatment while further increase of AFG application rate tended to reduce the regulation effects.Grain yield was 2.6%~8.9%greater in the AFG-applied treatments than in the T0 treatment,with the greatest grain yield observed in the T40 treatment.Grain yield was significantly correlated with number of root tips,root surface area,root volume,root total length,root-shoot ratio,root dry weight,and root average diameter.Root dry weight,root-shoot ratio,root total length,and number of root tips were the top four root traits that greatly affect grain yield.Overall,under reasonable application rates,AFG improved maize root morphological traits and enhance maize productivity.