明末清初钱塘江口段摆动对南岸盐场的影响

Influence of Qiantang River Estuary Section Swing on Salt Fields of the South Bank in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

明末清初,钱塘江口段江道历经了近百年的剧烈摆动,杭州湾地区自然环境发生显著变化,为研究河口自然环境变迁与传统盐业生产之间的关系提供了良好契机。本文依据地方志书以及其他相关史料,还原该时期内钱塘江口段江道摆动的具体过程,以及在此影响下杭州湾南岸地区盐业生产规模及生产区域的相应变化。研究发现,在江道变迁的背景下,盐业生产受滩涂反复滩涨的影响,以曹娥江为界形成了空间差异,西部受江流摆动影响更大,生产区域及规模变化复杂且无序,东部的生产规模在滩涂面积稳定扩大的影响下呈持续增长趋势。

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,the Qiantang River estuary section experienced severe swings for nearly a hundred years,leading to noticeable changes in the natural environment in the Hangzhou Bay.This fact provides a good opportunity for studying the relationship between the natural environment changes in the estuary and traditional salt production.Based on the local chronicles and other relevant historical materials,this paper demonstrates the specific process of the river channel swing of the Qiantang River estuary section during this period,and the corresponding changes brought about to the production scale and area of the salt industry in the south bank of the Hangzhou Bay.It is found that the production of the salt industry was affected by repeated flooding of tidal flats due to river channel changes,forming spa⁃tial differences with the Cao’e River as the boundary.To be specific,the production area and scale in the western area un⁃derwent complicated and disorderly changes due to graver influence from the river current swing.However,the production scale in the eastern area showed continuous growing trend thanks to the stable expansion of the tidal flat area.