雷蒙·威廉斯文化研究的生态重估

Raymond WilliamsCultural Studies:An Ecological Reassessment

生态文化研究是威廉斯文化研究的重要组成部分,体现为对自然的概念分析、对文学作品的生态批评以及对社会发展的生态批判三重维度,并且具有重要的当代价值。威廉斯的文化研究从20世纪70年代发生一定程度的“生态转向”。在威廉斯70年代的作品中,其对自然的关注度显著提高,开始探究自然与文化、城市与乡村的内在关系,生态意识以一种隐性状态存在于概念分析和文学批评层面;在其80年代的作品中,威廉斯直接介入社会生态问题的探讨,发展出生态政治的重要理论向度,生态意识以显性状态直接展现于社会批判层面。对威廉斯文化研究进行生态重估,不仅有利于我们从生态维度重新发现与认识威廉斯,也有助于我们更好地继承与发掘威廉斯的理论遗产,进一步推动当下文化研究的生态延展与人类社会的生态发展。

Ecological cultural studies constitute a significant component of Williamscultural studies.It manifests through a threefold dimension:conceptual analysis of nature,ecological critique of literary works,and ecological critique of social development.Moreover,it holds substantial contemporary value.In the 1970s,Williamscultural studies underwent a certain degree of“ecological turn”.In his works from the 1970s,there was a notable increase in his attention to nature.He began to explore the intrinsic relationship between nature and culture,country and city.Ecological awareness existed in an implicit state within the realms of conceptual analysis and literary criticism.In his works from the 1980s,Williams directly engaged in the discussion of socio⁃ecological issues,developing significant theoretical dimensions of ecological politics.Ecological awareness was overtly present in the realm of social critique.A reevaluation of Raymond Williamscultural studies from an ecological perspective is beneficial not only in rediscovering and understanding Williams through an ecological lens but also in aiding us in better inheriting and exploring his theoretical legacy.Furthermore,it serves to further advance the ecological extension of contemporary cultural studies and the ecological development of human society.