都市农业社会化服务发展问题及对策——基于生产、生活、生态视角下的北京案例分析

Issues and Countermeasures in the Development of Socialized Services in Urban Agriculture--A Case Study of Beijing from the Perspectives of Production,Living,and Ecology

为都市农业提供支撑的农业社会化服务,具有不同于传统农业的特点和发展要求。本文基于对北京农业的实际考察,从生产、生活和生态三个维度构建了都市农业与社会化服务的逻辑关系分析框架,指出当前北京农业社会化服务发展存在生产性服务规模化程度低、生活性服务质量有待提升、生态性服务缺乏公益引导等问题。为促进都市农业社会化服务发展,应加强顶层设计,坚守北京农业发展的空间底线,将服务体系建设融入乡村振兴发展大局;提高农户组织化程度,开展规模化的生产性服务;培育农业产业融合载体,开展生活性服务;支持公益性与经营性服务主体联合,开展生态性服务。

Socialized services in urban agriculture,which provide support for urban agriculture,have distinct characteristics and development requirements compared to traditional agriculture.Based on an empirical investigation of agriculture in Beijing,this paper constructs a logical framework for analyzing the relationship between urban agriculture and socialized services from the perspectives of production,living,and ecology.It identifies several issues in the development of socialized services in Beijing,including the low level of scale in productive services,the need for improvement in the quality of living services,and the lack of public welfare guidance in ecological services.To promote the development of socialized services in urban agriculture,it is suggested to strengthen top-level design,adhere to the spatial bottom line for agricultural development in Beijing,and integrate the construction of service systems into the overall rural revitalization development.Additionally,efforts should be made to enhance the organization level of farmers,carry out scaled productive services,cultivate integration carriers for agricultural industries,provide living services,and support the collaboration between entities engaged in public welfare and business-oriented services for ecological services.