瘤胃中添加剂的甲烷减排作用及甲烷厌氧氧化

Methane Emission Reduction and Anaerobic Methane Oxidation by Additives in Rumen

反刍动物每年排放甲烷(CH_(4))约1亿t,是全球变暖的重点关注对象。在瘤胃发酵过程中产生CH_(4)会造成2%~12%的能量损失。目前,有多种饲料添加剂能从不同角度降低CH_(4)排放量,但都存在一定缺陷;而甲烷厌氧氧化作为自然环境中重要的甲烷汇亦有可能在瘤胃中存在。本文综述了不同饲料添加剂对CH_(4)减排的作用以及甲烷厌氧氧化在瘤胃中存在的可能性,以期为反刍动物CH4减排提供新思路。

Ruminants emit about 100 million tons of methane(CH_(4))per year,which is the focus of global warming.The production of CH_(4) during rumen fermentation results in energy loss of 2% to 12%.At present,a variety of feed additives can reduce CH_(4) emissions from different angles,but there are some defects;anaerobic methane oxidation,as an important methane sink in the natural environment,may also exist in the rumen.In this paper,the effects of different feed additives on CH_(4) emission reduction and the possibility of anaerobic methane oxidation in rumen were reviewed in order to provide a new idea for CH_(4) emission reduction in ruminants.