不同比例发酵饲料桑替代基础饲粮对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率、血液生理生化指标、血清抗氧化指标的影响

Effects of Different Proportions of Basal Diet Replaced by Fermented Feed Mulberry on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Blood Physiological and Biochemical Indexes and Serum Antioxidant Indexes of Beef Cattle

本研究旨在探究不同比例发酵饲料桑替代基础饲粮对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率、血液生理生化指标、血清抗氧化指标的影响。选取体重[(287.45±22.63)kg]、日龄相近的30头西门塔尔杂交公牛,随机分为3组,分别为对照组和2个试验组(NT1组和NT2组),每组10个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,NT1组和NT2组分别以10%和20%发酵饲料桑等量替代基础饲粮。试验预试期14 d,正试期116 d。结果表明:1)NT2组相比于对照组可显著提高试验第70天时肉牛平均日采食量及全期干物质采食量(P<0.05),并极显著降低料重比(P<0.01);此外,与对照组相比,NT1组和NT2组日综合净能摄入量、日粗蛋白质摄入量显著提高(P<0.05),NT2组日酸性洗涤纤维摄入量极显著降低(P<0.01)。2)NT2组相比于对照组可显著增加中性洗涤纤维和粗蛋白质表观消化率(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,NT2组试验第70天时血液中淋巴细胞数量显著升高(P<0.05),试验第116天时嗜碱性粒细胞数量显著降低(P<0.05);NT1组试验第70天时血红蛋白浓度分布宽度显著上升(P<0.05),试验第116天时红细胞数量、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度显著增加(P<0.05),而红细胞平均体积、红细胞平均血红蛋白、血红蛋白含量均极显著降低(P<0.01);此外,NT2组试验第116天时血浆天冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),总胆固醇含量显著低于NT1组(P<0.05)。4)各组间血清抗氧化指标未见显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,使用不同比例发酵饲料桑替代基础饲粮可提高肉牛的采食量,增加养分表观消化率,对血液生理生化指标均具有一定的促进作用。

This study was conducted to explore the effects of different proportions of basal diet replaced by fermented feed mulberry on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,blood physiological and biochemical indexes,and serum antioxidant indexes of beef cattle.A total of 30 simmental crossbred fattening beef cattle with similar body weight(287.45±22.63)kg were randomly divided into 3 group,namely the control group,the NT1 and NT2 groups,with 10 replicates per group.The control group was fed a basal diet,NT1 and NT2 groups were fed experimental diets which used 10% and 20% fermented feed mulberry to replace the basal diet.The pre-test lasted for 14 days,and the test lasted for 116 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,in NT2 group,on the 70th day of the experiment,the average daily feed intake and dry matter intake of beef cattle were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly reduced(P<0.01).Moreover,NE mf and crude protein daily intake were significantly increased in NT1 and NT2 groups(P<0.05),while acid detergent fiber daily intake was significantly decreased in NT2 group(P<0.01)compared with the control group.2)The apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein were significantly increased in NT2 group compared with the control group(P<0.05).3)Lymphocyte count on the 70th day of the experiment was higher(P<0.05)and basophils count on the 116th day of the experiment was lower in NT2 group than that in the control group(P<0.05).In NT1 group,the hemoglobin concentration distribution width was significantly increased on the 70th day of the experiment(P<0.05),and red blood cells count was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05)and NT2 group(P<0.01).Moreover,mean corpusular hemoglobin concerntration was significantly higher(P<0.05),while mean corpusular volume,mean corpusular hemoglobin,and cell hemoglobin concentration in NT1 group on the 116th day of the experiment were significantly lower than those in control group and NT2 group(P<0.01).In addition,the activity of aspartate aminotransferase in the NT2 group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and total cholesterol content was significantly lower than that in the NT1 group on the 116th day of the experiment(P<0.05).4)There were no significant differences in antioxidant indexes in serum between groups(P>0.05).In summary,these results indicate that the different proportions of diet replaced by fermented feed mulberry can increase the feed intake,raise nutrient apparent digestibility,and improve blood physiological and biochemical indexes of beef cattle.