寓“管治”于“教化”?——《连阳八排风土记》的编纂与清代广东八排瑶社会

Governing in a“Civilizing”Way?:The Compilation of Lianyang Bapai Fengtu Ji and Bapai Yao Society in Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty

本文尝试结合自明清易代以来广东连阳地区地方社会的历史脉络,重新审视康熙年间连山知县李来章编纂《连阳八排风土记》之过程。李氏编纂此书的目的不仅出于应对地方官员之间在权责上的矛盾,也为了证明“教化”瑶人的意义。尽管官府不断推广教育来开化瑶人,但“八排瑶”这个人群类别在地方社会的不断交往、竞争中保留了下来。该书的编纂不仅影响了官府和士大夫对于八排瑶的历史书写,也影响了后世对于八排瑶作为少数民族的认知和塑造。

This article examines the compilation of Lianyang Bapai fengtu ji(连阳八排风土记),written by Li Laizhang who served as the district magistrate of Lianshan county in Guangdong during the early seventeenth century,from the perspective of local society after the Ming to Qing transition.Besides dealing with the conflicting duties among local officials,this book was written to demonstrate the significance of“civilizing”the Yao people.Despite the importance the Qing government assigned to the education and civilization of the Yao people,Bapai Yao was sustained as an ethnic category,which was further reinforced by the interaction and competition with locals for limited social resources during the mid-Qing.This book made an impact not only on the historiography of Bapai Yao by the officials and scholars,but on the identification of the Yao people as an ethnicity in the modern period.