中欧班列开通、贸易网络效应与中国企业出口韧性

Opening of China-Europe Freight Trains,Trade Network Effects,and the Export Resilience of Chinese Companies

本文使用2007—2014年中国工业企业数据库和中国海关数据库的匹配数据,以中欧班列开通为准自然实验,采用交错双重差分方法,基于辐网效应理论实证考察了中欧班列开通对中国企业出口韧性的因果效应,并构建了理论模型探究两者之间的关系。研究结果表明:中欧班列的开通显著提升了核心站点辐网范围内中国企业的出口韧性,同时验证了辐网效应的存在和影响边界;中欧班列主要通过增强内部贸易网络效应提升中国企业的出口韧性;中欧班列开通对产品多样化、所在地区交通运输网络密集和风险敞口较高的中国企业出口韧性的提升效果更加显著。本文为促进中国企业出口安全稳定提供了新的证据,为打通制约国内国际双循环的关键堵点提供了可选路径。

This study utilizes matched data from Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and Chinese Customs Database from 2007 to 2014.Taking the opening of China-Europe freight trains as a quasi-natural experiment and employing an interweaving double difference method,this paper empirically examines the causal effects of the China-Europe freight train opening on the export resilience of Chinese companies based on the network effect theory.A theoretical model is constructed to explore the relationship between them.The research results indicate that the opening significantly enhances the export resilience of Chinese companies within the radius of core station network,confirming the existence and impact boundaries of network effects.The China-Europe freight trains improve the export resilience of Chinese companies mainly by strengthening internal trade network effects.The effect is more pronounced for Chinese companies with product diversification,located in regions with dense transportation networks,and higher exposure to risks.This study provides new evidence to promote the safe and stable export of Chinese companies and offers alternative paths to address critical bottlenecks between domestic and international dual-cycle development.