文学的界限或潜在的反抗——论福柯僭越概念的转变

The Limit of Literature or Potential Resistance——On the Transformation of Foucault's Transgression

福柯的思想以其权力关系分析著称。而1960年代的福柯所作的一系列文学方面作品则被视为其文学时期的标志。籍此,福柯思想中的转向问题也就被自然提出,该观点意在传达福柯自考察内容到考查方式都经历了一次极大的转变。而被忽略的是,福柯在文学领域的探索其实早已蕴含着1970年代伊始的权力分析和生命实践的诸多可能。为发掘这一转变之实质,福柯在文学领域惯常使用的“僭越”概念便可以视为一着力点,由“僭越”的分析,进而探明福柯在各领域间位移的深层机理。对“僭越”概念理解的目的,是要力求摆脱不同时期中福柯产生了兴趣侧重点的根本性转换的观点,探清福柯考察视角切换的基底所在。

Foucault's thought is famous for its analysis of power relations.A series of literary works written by Foucault in the 1960s are regarded as the symbol of his literary period.Therefore,the question of turning in Foucault's thought is naturally raised,which aims to convey that Foucault has undergone a great change from the content to the way of examining.What is neglected is that Foucault's exploration of the field of literature already contains the possibilities of power analysis and life practice at the beginning of the 1970s.To explore the essence of this change,the concept of“transgression”commonly used by Foucault in the field of literature can be regarded as a focal point,and the deep mechanism of Foucault's displacement in various fields can be further explored by analyzing“transgression”.The purpose of understanding the concept of“transgression”is to try to get rid of the idea that Foucault had a fundamental change of interest and emphasis in different periods,and to find out the basis of Foucault's change of perspective.