米糠油提取物对泌乳母猪氧化应激状态、繁殖性能和粪便菌群组成的影响

Effects of rice bran oil extract on oxidative stress state,reproductive performance and fecal microbiota composition of lactating sows

为了了解米糠油提取物对泌乳母猪氧化应激状态、繁殖性能和粪便菌群组成的影响,试验将28头配种时间相近、健康的2~6胎次二元母猪(长白×大白)分为两组,每组14头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组从产前1周至产后3周在基础日粮中每天添加米糠油提取物500 mg,记录并统计母猪分娩产程、初生活仔数、仔猪初生平均重、仔猪初生窝重、断奶仔猪数和仔猪21日龄断奶窝重及产后1周仔猪存活率,收集母猪分娩当天粪便用于16S rDNA微生物组学分析,采集母猪产后1周血液用于检测血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)浓度。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组母猪产程显著缩短(P<0.05),断奶仔猪数显著增加(P<0.05),初生活仔数、仔猪初生平均重、仔猪初生窝重、仔猪21日龄断奶窝增重和产后1周仔猪存活率均差异不显著(P>0.05);血清中SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),CAT活性极显著提高(P<0.01),MDA浓度极显著降低(P<0.01);母猪分娩当天粪便中广古菌门、纤维杆菌门、甲烷短杆菌属和瘤胃球菌科_UCG-002的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),放线菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),乳酸杆菌属相对丰度极显著提高(P<0.01)。说明米糠油提取物能够降低泌乳母猪氧化应激程度,提高抗氧化能力,缩短母猪产程,改变泌乳母猪粪便菌群组成,但对母猪繁殖性能没有显著影响。

In order to investigate the effects of rice bran oil extract on oxidative stress state,reproductive performance and fecal microbiota composition of lactating sows,28 healthy crossbred sows(LandracexLarge White)with similar mating time of 2-6 paritions were divided into two groups,with 14 sows in each group.The sows in the control group were fed a basal diet while those in the experiment group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg rice bran oil extract daily from 1 week prepartum to 3 weeks postpartum.The parturition duration of sows,born-alive litter size,average individual pig birth weights,piglet litter weight at birth,number of weaned piglets,litter weight of weaned piglets at 21 days of age and survival rate of piglets at 1 week postpartum were recorded.Feces of sows were collected for 16S rDNA microbiome analysis on parturition day,and blood of sows were collected for determination of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration in serum at 1 week postpartum.The results showed that compared with the control group,the farrowing process of sows in the experimental group was significantly shortened(P<0.05);the number of weaned piglets increased significantly(P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in the number of litters,the average birth weight of piglets,the weight of litters at 21 days of age,and the survival rate of piglets at 1 week postpartum(P>0.05).SOD activity in serum was significantly increased(P<0.05);CAT activity was significantly increased(P<0.01);MDA concentration was significantly reduced(P<0.01).The relative abundance of Euryarchaeota,Fibrobacterota,Methanobrevibacter,Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002 in the feces of sows on the day of farrowing was significantly reduced(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Actinomycetota was significantly increased(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was extremely significant(P<0.01).These results indicated that rice bran oil extract could reduce the degree of oxidative stress in lactating sows,improve antioxidant capacity,and change the composition of fecal microbiota in lactating sows,but had no significant effect on reproductiveperformance of sows.