近海小岛生鲜果蔬保障存在问题及对策研究

Problems and countermeasures of fresh fruit and vegetable supply in offshore islands

目的应用果蔬保鲜技术,解决某部驻守近海小岛人员的生鲜果蔬保障问题。方法根据某部驻岛人员果蔬补给现状调研结果,提出相应保鲜技术方案,并以上海青为试验材料,模拟运补贮藏条件,进行保鲜效果试验验证;根据部队运补贮藏流程,在部队进行应用。结果确立了“预冷+保温包装运输+兼容共贮冷藏”的保鲜技术方案。塑料周转筐包装的绿叶菜4 d内失重在5%以下,打孔塑料箱包装的绿叶菜7 d内失重在5%以下,气调保鲜袋包装的绿叶菜7 d内失重率为0。部队应用试验结果表明3~7 d补给果蔬基本无损耗。结论适应该部当前运补贮藏条件的保鲜技术方案,有效解决了该部3~7 d补给周期内生鲜果蔬、特别是绿叶菜的保鲜供应问题。

Objective To solve the problems of fresh fruit and vegetable supply in offshore islands by fresh‑keeping technology.Methods Based on the survey result of fresh fruit and vegetable supply,the plan of fresh‑keeping technology was proposed.The greengrocery was used as experimental material,transportation and storage conditions were simulated and the effect of fresh‑keeping was tested.Then the preservation measure was formulated and used in the troops according to the practical supply and storage process.Results The fresh‑keeping technology of“precool,thermal packaging transport and compatible with cold storage”was established.The weight‑loss ratio of leafy greens packed in plastic box was less than 5%within 4 days,the weight‑loss ratio of leafy greens packed in perforated plastic boxes was less than 5%within 7 days,and the weight loss ratio of modified atmosphere packaging leafy greens was zero in 7 days.There was almost no loss in supplying fruits or vegetables within 3‑7 days in the troops of offshore islands.Conclusion The fresh‑keeping scheme suitable to the current transportation and storage conditions of the troops can effectively solve the fresh‑keeping supply of fruits and vegetables,especially leafy greens in 3‑7 days.