目标导向的研究性实验与创新能力培养实例——超声波辅助的Fischer酯化反应条件初探

Example of Outcome-based Investigational Experiment and the Development of Innovation Capabilities:Primary Study on the Ultrasound-Assisted Fischer Esterification Reaction Conditions

在目标导向的研究性实验与创新能力培养教学活动中,通过方案设计、实施和总结三阶段的教学过程设计,使学生在实验学习过程中体验到科学研究的全过程,培养创新能力。本文以学生未发表的实验报告论文为例,展示教学成果。该报告以苯甲酸乙酯的酯化合成反应为例,比较了超声波辅助条件下不同催化剂对Fischer酯化反应的催化效率,结果表明酸负载的蒙脱土K-10催化效果明显优于浓硫酸催化。同时还比较了负载前后蒙脱土的粉末X射线衍射谱图,并对催化机理进行了初步的讨论。该工作的研究结果表明超声波辅助的Fischer酯化反应条件温和,对小分子酯类化合物合成有一定的借鉴意义。

In the outcome-based teaching activities of investigational experiments and innovative capacity development,a three-stage teaching process is designed to enable students to experience the whole process of scientific research and develop research skills in the experimental learning process.The three stages are design,implementation,and conclusion of the program.This paper demonstrates the results of teaching activity based on an example of a student’s lab report written in the form of a published paper.To investigate the Fischer esterification reaction under ultrasonic assisted conditions,the report compares the catalytic efficiency of different catalysts for the reaction using the esterification synthesis reaction of ethyl benzoate as an example.The results indicate that acid-loaded montmorillonite K-10 catalysis is significantly better than sulfuric acid catalysis.The report also compares the powder X-ray diffraction spectra of montmorillonite before and after modification,and provides a preliminary discussion of the mechanism.The reaction conditions are mild,and have implications for the synthesis of small molecule esters.